Systematic approach to evaluating environmental and ecological technologies for wastewater treatment
Systematic approach to evaluating environmental and ecological technologies for wastewater treatment
复制标题
评估废水处理环境和生态技术的系统方法
DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.108
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Cao Wenzhi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Su Xiaoling;Chiang Penchi;Pan Shuyuan;Chen Guangjiao;Tao Yinren;Wu Gaojie;Wang Feifei;Cao Wenzhi
评价废水处理效果是一项具有挑战性和复杂性的任务，因为它通常涉及工程、环境和经济(3E)因素。在这项研究中，我们开发了一个3E三角模型来评价污水处理的环境技术(即厌氧-缺氧-好氧反应器、氧化沟和膜生物反应器)和生态技术(即稳定塘、人工湿地和慢速系统)的性能。在3E三角模型中，共考虑了能源消耗、污染物清除、全球变暖潜力和废水处理费用等17个关键绩效指标。结果表明，从工程性能来看，膜生物反应器和人工湿地在运行期间均稳定、有效、可靠。当通过生命周期评估比较废水处理技术的环境影响时，生态技术在环境影响方面表现出优越的表现，特别是在全球变暖潜力和富营养化潜力方面。总体而言，环境技术由于其耗电量和设备成本较大，表现出较高的处理费用和单位建设成本。相比之下，生态技术由于占地面积大，处理能力低，单位土地利用率较高。总体而言，膜生物反应器和人工湿地在3E三角模型中都表现出了良好的整体性能。污水处理厂是解决水和能量元素相互作用的典型案例。降低能耗是膜生物反应器研究领域的一个热点，而人工湿地在农村污水处理中的应用也在不断完善和优化。
Evaluating the performance of wastewater treatment represents a challenging and complex task as it usually involves engineering, environmental and economic (3E) factors. In this study, we developed an 3E triangle model to evaluate the performance of environmental technologies (i.e., anaerobic-anoxic-oxic reactors, oxidation ditches, and membrane bioreactors) and ecological technologies (i.e., stabilization ponds, constructed wetlands, and slow-rate systems) for wastewater treatment. A total of 17 key performance indicators, such as energy consumption, pollutant removal, global warming potential and wastewater treatment fees, were considered in the 3E triangle model. The results indicated that, in terms of engineering performance, both the membrane bioreactors and constructed wetlands were stable, effective and reliable during their operating periods. When the environmental impacts of wastewater treatment technologies were compared via a life cycle assessment, the ecological technologies showed superior performance, in terms of environmental impacts, especially for the global warming potential and eutrophication potential. In general, environmental technologies exhibited higher treatment fees and unit construction costs because of their large power consumption and equipment costs. In contrast, ecological technologies had higher unit land use due to their large area requirements and low treatment capacity. In overall, both the membrane bioreactors and constructed wetlands showed excellent overall performance in the 3E triangle model. Wastewater treatment plant are typical case studies for addressing the interactions of water and energy elements. Reducing energy consumption is a hotspot for the research field of membrane bioreactors, while constructed wetlands are continually improved and optimized to have broad applications for rural wastewater treatment.