A poorly mixed mantle transition zone and its thermal state inferred from seismic waves
A poorly mixed mantle transition zone and its thermal state inferred from seismic waves
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地幔混合不良过渡带及其由地震波推断的热状态
DOI:
10.1038/s41561-021-00850-w
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
18.3
通讯作者:
Afonso, Juan Carlos
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Waszek, Lauren;Tauzin, Benoit;Schmerr, Nicholas C.;Ballmer, Maxim D.;Afonso, Juan Carlos
The abrupt changes in mineralogical properties across the Earth’s mantle transition zone substantially impact convection and thermochemical fluxes between the upper and lower mantle. While the 410-km discontinuity at the top of the mantle transition zone is detected with all types of seismic waves, the 660-km boundary is mostly invisible to underside P-wave reflections (P660P). The cause for this observation is debated. The dissociation of ringwoodite and garnet into lower-mantle minerals both contribute to the ‘660’ visibility; only the garnet reaction favours material exchanges across the discontinuity. Here, we combine large datasets of SS and PP precursors, mineralogical modelling and data-mining techniques to obtain a global thermal map of the mantle transition zone, and explain the lack of P660P visibility. We find that its prevalent absence requires a chemically unequilibrated mantle, and its visibility in few locations is associated with potential temperatures greater than 1,800 K. Such temperatures occur in approximately 0.6% of Earth, indicating that the 660 is dominated by ringwoodite decomposition, which tends to impede mantle flow. We find broad regions with elevated temperatures beneath the Pacific surrounded by major volcanic hotspots, indicating plume retention and ponding of hot materials in the mantle transition zone.
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DOI:
--
发表时间:
2007
期刊:
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