Differential expression and biological activity of two piscidin paralogues and a novel splice variant in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.)
Differential expression and biological activity of two piscidin paralogues and a novel splice variant in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fsi.2011.11.022
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Fernandes, Jorge M. O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ruangsri, Jareeporn;Salger, Scott A.;Fernandes, Jorge M. O.
piscidin （pis）家族具有广谱活性的强效抗菌肽在先天宿主防御中具有重要作用。我们已经在大西洋鳕鱼中鉴定并鉴定了两种pis亲缘关系（pis1和pis2），以及一种新的pis剪接变体，称为pis2-3。Pis1和pis2基因很可能起源于最近的重复事件，因为它们具有相同的四外显子结构，在内含子水平上具有高达91%的同源性。另一种转录物p2 - β来源于内含子保留，即使没有翻译，它也可能通过无义介导的衰变来调节p2的表达。尽管pis基因总体上是保守的，但它们是通过正选择形成的，并且pis1、pis2和pis2- β编码结构多样的成熟肽，具有不同的功能特性。合成的Pis1对革兰氏-(+)和革兰氏-（）细菌具有微摩尔范围的抗菌活性，包括鱼类病原体鳗弧菌和拉克氏耶尔森氏菌。相比之下，合成的Pis2和Pis2- β分别具有有限的抗菌活性或没有抗菌活性，但对梨形四膜虫具有更强的抗寄生活性。在成年鳕鱼中，pis1和pis2- β在免疫相关器官中组成性表达，而pis2在所有被检查的组织中组成性表达。在胚胎发育过程中也观察到差异表达。特别是，pis2和pis2- β是母系遗传的，但pis1转录本仅在原肠胚形成后存在。经减毒鳗弧菌抗原性攻毒后，头肾、脾和远端肠的所有pis均普遍下调，提示其可作为健康指标。综上所述，我们的数据表明pis是鳕鱼先天免疫系统的重要组成部分。此外，这两种pis同源物在大西洋鳕鱼中也经历了结构多样化，很可能在大西洋鳕鱼中扮演着多功能的角色。(C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
The piscidin (pis) family of potent antimicrobial peptides with broad-spectrum activity has an important role in innate host defence. We have identified and characterized two pis paralogues in Atlantic cod (pis1 and pis2), as well as a novel splice variant of pis2, termed pis2-3. Pis1 and pis2 genes have most likely originated from a recent duplication event, since they share the same four-exon structure with up to 91% identity at the intron level. The alternative transcript pis2-beta is derived from intron retention and even if not translated it may regulate pis expression through nonsense mediated decay. In spite of their overall conservation, pis genes are being shaped by positive selection and pis1, pis2 and pis2-beta code for structurally diverse mature peptides, which have different functional properties. Synthetic Pis1 displays antibacterial activity in the micromolar range against Gram-(+) and Gram-() bacteria, including the fish pathogens Vibrio anguillarum and Yersinia ruckeri. In contrast, synthetic Pis2 and Pis2-beta, have limited or no antibacterial activity, respectively, but exhibit more potent antiparasitic activity against Tetrahymena priformis. In adult cod, pis1 and pis2-beta are constitutively expressed in immune-related organs, whereas pis2 is constitutively expressed in all tissues examined. Differential expression is also observed during embryonic development. In particular, pis2 and pis2-beta are maternally inherited but pis1 transcripts are only present from gastrulation onwards. It was found that antigenic challenge with attenuated V. anguillarum induces a general down-regulation of all pis in head kidney, spleen and distal intestine, suggesting that they may be used as health indicators. Taken together, our data indicate that pis is an important component of the cod innate immune system. Moreover, the two pis paralogues have undergone structural diversification and it is likely that they play multifunctional roles in Atlantic cod. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.