Fixational Eye Movements
Fixational Eye Movements
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-20085-5_3
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Martinez-Conde, Susana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alexander, Robert G.;Martinez-Conde, Susana
我们周围发生的事情太多了，我们无法一下子看到所有的东西，或者同时处理我们视野中的所有信息。取而代之的是，我们通常会将目光投向场景中特别有意义或重要的部分。然而，即使当我们认为我们的眼睛静止地注视着感兴趣的物体时，我们的眼睛仍然保持着连续的运动。本章回顾了不同类型的“凝视”眼球运动(当我们的视线被“固定”在空间中的一个物体或一点上时发生的眼球运动)。我们还讨论了注视眼动对视觉和知觉的影响，它们潜在的适应优势，以及它们的产生机制。读完这一章后，你将能够阐明凝视眼球运动在促进和影响视觉感知方面的重要性(例如，在帮助我们看到世界和帮助我们执行特定任务方面)。你将能够解释微扫视(最大的一种小的凝视性眼球运动)在对抗神经适应和视觉衰退(感知上消失不变的刺激)中的作用。你还将能够概述微眼跳的神经生成。此外，本章还将帮助你理解凝视眼球运动和注意力转移之间的关系。最后，你将能够概括地描述凝视眼球运动与神经疾病诊断的潜在相关性。
There is too much going on around us to see everything at once, or to simultaneously process all the information in our field of view. Instead, we normally direct our gaze to parts of the scene that are particularly meaningful or important. Yet, even when we think that we are keeping our eyes still on an object of interest, our eyes remain in continuous motion. This chapter reviews the different kinds of "fixational" eye movements (the eye movements that occur when our gaze is "fixed" on an object or a point in space). We also discuss the effects that fixational eye movements have on vision and perception, their potential adaptive advantages, and their generation mechanisms. After reading this chapter, you will be able to articulate the importance of fixational eye movements in facilitating and influencing visual perception (for instance, in helping us to see the world and assisting us as we perform specific tasks). You will be able to explain the role of microsaccades (the largest of these small fixational eye movements) in counteracting neural adaptation and visual fading (the perceptual vanishing of an unchanging stimulus). You will also be able to outline the neural generation of microsaccades. In addition, this chapter will help you understand the relationship between fixational eye movements and shifts of attention. Finally, you will be able to describe, in general terms, the potential relevance of fixational eye movements to the diagnosis of neurological disorders.