Compact microfluidic structures for generating spatial and temporal gradients
Compact microfluidic structures for generating spatial and temporal gradients
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DOI：
10.1021/ac0714967
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发表时间：
2007-12-15
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Jacobson, Stephen C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amarie, Dragos;Glazier, James A.;Jacobson, Stephen C.
我们提出了一种改进的微流控设计产生的空间和时间梯度。基本功能元件是分别用于在两个和三个通道之间分流的分叉和三叉通道。我们使用分叉通道的通道歧管的外部和三叉通道的内部与混合三通重组流。对于N个梯度形成水平，梯度中的离散台阶的数量为2（N）+1，从而允许仅1.6 mm长和0.5 mm宽的紧凑的梯度形成结构。控制入口处的相对样品浓度能够产生具有不同斜率和偏移的梯度。较小的总通道长度允许在不同组成的梯度之间比先前的设计更快地切换（仅2.6s），允许复杂的时间序列并减少总置换体积和试剂使用。该设计允许反梯度实验和复杂的非线性梯度的产生。我们制造和测试了三个通道的设计，无论是三个或四个梯度形成水平，20或40 μ m的通道宽度，60或120 μ m的中心到中心的通道间距，和9或17个输出步骤。这些装置使用压力驱动和电动流动产生基本相同的高质量线性梯度。
We present an improved microfluidic design for generating spatial and temporal gradients. The basic functional elements are bifurcated and trifurcated channels used to split flow between two and three channels, respectively. We use bifurcated channels on the exterior of the channel manifold and trifurcated channels in the interior with mixing tees to recombine flows. For N gradient-forming levels, the number of discrete steps in the gradient is 2(N) + 1, allowing a compact gradient-forming structure that is only 1.6 mm long and 0.5 mm wide. Control of the relative sample concentration at the inlets enables generation of gradients with varying slopes and offsets. The small total channel length allows faster switching (only 2.6 s) between gradients of different compositions than did previous designs, allowing complex temporal sequences and reducing total displacement volume and reagent use. The design permits opposing-gradient experiments and generation of complex nonlinear gradients. We fabricated and tested three channel designs with either three or four gradient-forming levels, 20- or 40-mu m channel widths, 60-or 120-mu m center-to-center channel spacings, and 9 or 17 output steps. These devices produced essentially identical high-quality linear gradients using both pressure-driven and electrokinetic flow.