THE USE OF POSITRON-EMITTING RADIOISOTOPES FOR THE LOCALIZATION OF BRAIN TUMORS
THE USE OF POSITRON-EMITTING RADIOISOTOPES FOR THE LOCALIZATION OF BRAIN TUMORS
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DOI：
10.1126/science.113.2940.525
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发表时间：
1951-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
HANDLER, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
WRENN, FR;GOOD, ML;HANDLER, P
术前检测和定位颅内肿瘤的放射性同位素从没有完整的头骨显示出成为神经外科医生的武器的一个组成部分的希望。一般来说，该技术依赖于检测肿瘤组织中相对较高浓度的同位素，而不是在正常结构中发现的同位素。反过来，这取决于病变的某些生物学特性，这些特性将有利于同位素或其载体化合物在病变中的浓度，并取决于检测装置在正常和病理区域中划分同位素浓度差异的能力。到目前为止，术前使用的同位素主要是染料二碘荧光素中含有的发射y的jl31（1-6）。为了准确地定位一个点源，或划定一个扩展源，所采用的系统必须能够在适当的坐标系下清晰地分辨出同位素浓度区域的极限。这就要求放射性或探测器都是定向的，如果辐射源位于像人脑这样的物体中，散射必须最小化。早期的工作人员使用盖格-穆勒计数器作为探测器，用合适的铅屏蔽来提供定向准直和防止反向散射辐射。这种屏蔽有效地结合了盖格-穆勒管固有的低y射线探测效率，以降低计数率。
The preoperative detection and localization of intracranial neoplasms with radioactive isotopes from without the intact skull show promise of becoming an integral part of the neurosurgeon's armamen-tarium. In general, the technique is dependent upon the detection of relatively greater concentrations of isotope in neoplastic tissue as compared to that noted or found in normal structures. This, in turn, is dependent upon some biological property of the lesion which will favor concentration of the isotope or its carrier compound in the lesion, and upon the ability of a detection device to delimit differences in isotope concentrations in normal and in pathological areas. Up to the present, the isotope employed preoperatively has been the predominantly y-emitting Jl3l con-tained in the dye diiodofluorescein (1-6). To accurately locate a point source, or delimit an extended source, the system employed must be capable of sharply resolving the limits of the area of isotope concentration with reference to a suitable coordinate system. This requires that either the radioactivity or the detector be directional, and if the source is situated in a mass such as the human brain, scattering must be minimized.Earlier workers have employed Geiger-Mueller counters as detectors, with suitable lead shielding to give directional collimation and protection from backscattered radiation. Such shielding effectively com-bines with the inherently low Y-ray detection effi-ciency of the Geiger-Mueller tube to lower counting rates materially.