Multiple viral infections in Agaricus bisporus - Characterisation of 18 unique RNA viruses and 8 ORFans identified by deep sequencing.
Multiple viral infections in Agaricus bisporus - Characterisation of 18 unique RNA viruses and 8 ORFans identified by deep sequencing.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-017-01592-9
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发表时间：
2017-05-26
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Burton KS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deakin G;Dobbs E;Bennett JM;Jones IM;Grogan HM;Burton KS
在栽培双孢菇中测序了30个独特的非宿主RNA，其中包括18个病毒，每个病毒编码一个RdRp结构域，另外还有8个ORFan(与已知序列没有相似性的非宿主RNA)。这两种病毒都是多部分的，其组成的RNA显示出相关的丰度和共同的3‘基序。这些病毒均为阳性单链病毒，被归入不同的目/科。蘑菇的多重感染可能代表了一个多样化、动态和相互作用的病毒生态系统，其序列变异性超过2个数量级，并有重组、水平基因转移和可变片段数量的证据。在多个蘑菇样本中检测到大量病毒RNA；在有疾病症状的样本中检测到多达24个病毒RNA，在无症状样本中检测到8-17个病毒RNA，这表明了共存的适应性策略。正在生长的培养物的病毒成分是动态的，有证据表明得失取决于环境，与目前的转录组和EST数据库相比，还包括新的假想病毒。由于分支杆菌病毒的非细胞传播是罕见的，最初的感染可能是古老的，保存在野生蘑菇种群中，当宿主种群通过真菌栽培大规模扩张时，野生蘑菇种群充当随后的细胞间感染的蓄水池。
Thirty unique non-host RNAs were sequenced in the cultivated fungus, Agaricus bisporus, comprising 18 viruses each encoding an RdRp domain with an additional 8 ORFans (non-host RNAs with no similarity to known sequences). Two viruses were multipartite with component RNAs showing correlative abundances and common 3′ motifs. The viruses, all positive sense single-stranded, were classified into diverse orders/families. Multiple infections of Agaricus may represent a diverse, dynamic and interactive viral ecosystem with sequence variability ranging over 2 orders of magnitude and evidence of recombination, horizontal gene transfer and variable fragment numbers. Large numbers of viral RNAs were detected in multiple Agaricus samples; up to 24 in samples symptomatic for disease and 8–17 in asymptomatic samples, suggesting adaptive strategies for co-existence. The viral composition of growing cultures was dynamic, with evidence of gains and losses depending on the environment and included new hypothetical viruses when compared with the current transcriptome and EST databases. As the non-cellular transmission of mycoviruses is rare, the founding infections may be ancient, preserved in wild Agaricus populations, which act as reservoirs for subsequent cell-to-cell infection when host populations are expanded massively through fungiculture.