A Flexible Influence of Affective Feelings on Creative and Analytic Performance
A Flexible Influence of Affective Feelings on Creative and Analytic Performance
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DOI：
10.1037/emo0000188
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Ray, Cara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huntsinger, Jeffrey R.;Ray, Cara
相当多的研究表明，积极的影响可以提高创造性任务的表现，消极的影响可以提高分析性任务的表现。目前的研究认为，情感对认知表现的影响是灵活的，而不是固定的。与积极和消极情感表明可及性处理倾向的价值的观点一致，情感感受对分析或创造性任务表现的影响被发现对不同处理风格的相对可及性（即启发式与系统性，整体与局部）灵活响应。当整体加工取向可达时，快乐的参与者比处于悲伤情绪的参与者对砖块产生更多创造性的使用（实验1），成功地解决了更多的远程联系和洞察力问题（实验2），并表现出更广泛的分类（实验3）。当可以访问本地处理方向时，这种模式就颠倒过来了。当启发式处理方式可及时，快乐的参与者比悲伤的参与者更容易犯连接谬误（实验3），锚定效应也不明显（实验4）。当系统处理风格可以访问时，这种模式就会逆转。这些结果对相关的情感认知模型的意义进行了讨论。
Considerable research shows that positive affect improves performance on creative tasks and negative affect improves performance on analytic tasks. The present research entertained the idea that affective feelings have flexible, rather than fixed, effects on cognitive performance. Consistent with the idea that positive and negative affect signal the value of accessible processing inclinations, the influence of affective feelings on performance on analytic or creative tasks was found to be flexibly responsive to the relative accessibility of different styles of processing (i.e., heuristic vs. systematic, global vs. local). When a global processing orientation was accessible happy participants generated more creative uses for a brick (Experiment 1), successfully solved more remote associates and insight problems (Experiment 2) and displayed broader categorization (Experiment 3) than those in sad moods. When a local processing orientation was accessible this pattern reversed. When a heuristic processing style was accessible happy participants were more likely to commit the conjunction fallacy (Experiment 3) and showed less pronounced anchoring effects (Experiment 4) than sad participants. When a systematic processing style was accessible this pattern reversed. Implications of these results for relevant affect-cognition models are discussed.