Spatially heterogeneous impacts on rangeland after social system change in Mongolia
Spatially heterogeneous impacts on rangeland after social system change in Mongolia
复制标题
蒙古社会制度变迁对牧场的空间异质性影响
DOI：
10.1002/ldr.796
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
K. Takeuchi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tomoo Okayasu;M. Muto;U. Jamsran;K. Takeuchi
20世纪90年代初，蒙古的社会制度从社会主义向资本主义转变后，帮助驱散放牧压力的内格德尔合作社制度崩溃了。作为崩塌的结果，科学家警告说，放牧压力将集中并固定在特定地点，导致土地退化。然而，在蒙古还没有对这种潜在的局部浓度进行定量研究。在这项研究中，我们利用卫星图像和大比例尺专题地图，分析了当地植被变化与可能的控制因素的关系，包括开阔水域、道路和住区。个别因素对当地植被变化有显著影响：主要道路沿线的植物密度呈带状下降，人口稠密地区周围的植物密度下降尤为明显。此外，这些因素之间的相互作用对植被产生了负面影响，如居民点附近道路和开阔水域的减少。这种互动效应很可能是游牧民族基本需求的结果，即优质草原、水源和定居点提供的服务。在我们的蒙古研究区，当地的植被变化模式是由牧民决策的复杂过程决定的。对这一过程的全面了解对于制定管理计划以对抗这种植被退化至关重要。版权所有©2007 John Wiley&Sons，Ltd.
After the social system in Mongolia changed from socialism to capitalism in the early 1990s, the cooperative system called negdel, which helped to disperse the grazing pressure, collapsed. As a consequence of the collapse, scientists warned that grazing pressure would become concentrated and fixed at particular locations, resulting in land degradation. However, no quantitative studies of such potential local concentration have been performed in Mongolia. In this study, using satellite images and large‐scale thematic maps, we analysed the local vegetation change in relation to possible control factors, including open water, roads and settlements. Individual factors had significant impacts on the local vegetation change: particularly prominent were a beltlike decrease in plant density along the main roads and decreases around densely populated areas. In addition, the interaction between these factors negatively affected vegetation, as seen by a decrease around roads and open water near settlements. This interactive effect is likely a consequence of the basic requirements of the nomadic pastoralists, namely quality grassland, water sources and the services provided by settlements. In our study area in Mongolia, the local pattern of vegetation change was determined by the complex process of pastoralists' decision‐making. A comprehensive understanding of this process is essential for devising management plans to counteract this vegetation degradation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.