Phenotypic plasticity facilitates resistance to climate change in a highly variable environment
Phenotypic plasticity facilitates resistance to climate change in a highly variable environment
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DOI：
10.1007/s00442-011-2191-x
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发表时间：
2011-11
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Sarah Richter;Tabea Kipfer;T. Wohlgemuth;Carlos Calderón Guerrero;J. Ghazoul;B. Moser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sarah Richter;Tabea Kipfer;T. Wohlgemuth;Carlos Calderón Guerrero;J. Ghazoul;B. Moser
夏季干旱加剧将加剧许多树种在较低纬度和海拔分布范围内的更新。在脆弱的生境中，目前认为引入更耐旱的种源或物种可以加快树种的迁移，促进森林的可持续性。然而，干旱适应和生长可塑性之间的权衡可能会限制辅助迁徙的有效性，特别是如果引入的重点是来自不同气候区域的种源或物种。我们在一个普通的园艺实验中测试了阿尔卑斯大陆中部樟子松幼苗在高温和延长的春夏干旱条件下的表现，并与OFP的苗木出苗、存活和生物量分配进行了比较。黑松与黑松密切相关，来自地中海的种子来源。土壤加温对苗木生长的影响不大，但春季降水较多时，土壤中的磷增加了一倍。在夏季干旱之后，树苗出现了。与此同时，地中海的苗木数量是大陆的两倍。这是由于在干旱条件下羽化较高，死亡率较低所致。两个都是。在夏季降雨量较少的情况下，油茶种源分配给根的生物量与根相似。然而，在高降雨量下，地中海苗木的表型可塑性低于大陆苗木，这可能限制了它们在非干旱年份在大陆高山森林中的竞争能力。相比之下，单株幼苗对夏季干旱反应的高度变异性表明了大陆磷的潜力。种源要适应不断变化的环境条件。
Increased summer drought will exacerbate the regeneration of many tree species at their lower latitudinal and altitudinal distribution limits. In vulnerable habitats, introduction of more drought-tolerant provenances or species is currently considered to accelerate tree species migration and facilitate forest persistence. Trade-offs between drought adaptation and growth plasticity might, however, limit the effectiveness of assisted migration, especially if introductions focus on provenances or species from different climatic regions. We tested in a common garden experiment the performance ofPinus sylvestrisseedlings from the continental Central Alps under increased temperatures and extended spring and/or summer drought, and compared seedling emergence, survival and biomass allocation to that ofP. sylvestrisand closely relatedPinus nigrafrom a Mediterranean seed source. Soil heating had only minor effects on seedling performance but high spring precipitation doubled the number of continentalP. sylvestrisseedlings present after the summer drought. At the same time, twice as many seedlings of the Mediterranean than the continentalP. sylvestrisprovenance were present, which was due to both higher emergence and lower mortality under dry conditions. BothP. sylvestrisprovenances allocated similar amounts of biomass to roots when grown under low summer precipitation. Mediterranean seedlings, however, revealed lower phenotypic plasticity than continental seedlings under high precipitation, which might limit their competitive ability in continental Alpine forests in non-drought years. By contrast, high variability in the response of individual seedlings to summer drought indicates the potential of continentalP. sylvestrisprovenances to adapt to changing environmental conditions.