Key principles of ecosystem‐based management: the fishermen's perspective
Key principles of ecosystem‐based management: the fishermen's perspective
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基于生态系统的管理的关键原则：渔民的观点
DOI：
10.1111/faf.12175
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Stephenson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rachel D. Long;A. Charles;R. Stephenson
尽管基于生态系统的管理（EBM）在国家立法、研究和机构文献中越来越受欢迎，但“实地”往往存在实施差距，阻碍了渔业的广泛采用。这种差距部分反映了渔民和管理机构对循证医学的不同理解。为了探索并寻求缩小这一差距，将渔民认为优先事项的 EBM 基本原则与已发表文献中确定的优先事项进行了系统比较。渔民的优先事项是通过要求加拿大大西洋渔民确定他们认为最重要的 EBM 原则来确定的。确定了四项优先原则：可持续性、利益相关者参与、制定长期目标和使用所有形式的知识。后两者在文献中并不经常被视为优先事项，而渔民较少选择一些文献优先事项，这表明对循证医学的看法存在显着差异。通过分析渔民提出的渔业管理问题（许多问题与上述四个优先事项直接相关），探讨了渔民选择优先事项的理由。此外，另一项原则“承诺公平原则”经常作为渔民隐含的优先事项出现。我们建议，EBM 的成功实施可能取决于协调其基本原则之间的不同优先事项，并将渔民的知识和专业知识与研究和机构来源相结合。这里使用的比较方法可以在其他地方复制，应该可以更好地认识当地在实施循证医学方面面临的挑战，并鼓励对循证医学的支持，以进一步促进其对可持续渔业的贡献。
Despite the growing popularity of ecosystem-based management (EBM) in national legislation and in research and institutional literature, there is often an implementation gap ‘on the ground’, impeding widespread adoption in fisheries. This gap reflects in part the differing understandings of EBM held by fishermen and by management institutions. To explore and seek to close this gap, the underlying principles of EBM considered priorities by fishermen were systematically compared with the priorities identified in the published literature. The fishermen's priorities were determined by asking Atlantic Canadian fishermen to identify the EBM principles they consider most important. Four priority principles were identified: Sustainability, Stakeholder Involvement, Develop Long-Term Objectives and Use of All Forms of Knowledge. The latter two were not frequently noted as priorities in the literature, while some literature priorities were less commonly chosen by fishermen, indicating a significant difference in perspectives on EBM. The rationale for fishermen's choice of priorities was explored by analysing the fishery management issues they raised – many directly connected to the above four priorities. In addition, another principle, Commit to Principles of Equity, often arose as an implicit priority among fishermen. We suggest that success in implementation of EBM may depend on reconciling differing priorities among its underlying principles, and combining knowledge and expertise from fishermen with research and institutional sources. The comparative methodology used here, which could be replicated elsewhere, should lead to better recognition of local challenges in EBM implementation and encourage support for EBM, to further its contribution to sustainable fisheries.