Livestock-related greenhouse gas emissions: impacts and options for policy makers
Livestock-related greenhouse gas emissions: impacts and options for policy makers
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.envsci.2009.01.006
复制
发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Garnett, Tara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garnett, Tara
研究表明，畜牧业在温室气体排放中占很大比例，全球畜牧产品消费量正在迅速增长。本文回顾了生命周期分析（LCA）的方法来量化这些排放量，并认为，鉴于我们的粮食系统的动态复杂性，它提供了一个有限的了解牲畜的温室气体的影响。有人认为，LCA的结论，而需要考虑在一个更广泛的概念框架，包括三个关键的额外的角度。首先是了解畜牧业生产对土地利用变化和相关CO（2）排放的间接二阶效应。第二部分比较了利用土地和资源饲养动物与将其用于其他食品或非食品目的的机会成本。第三个视角是需求，这篇论文考虑了人们到底需要多大的畜产品。这些观点被用作透镜，通过它来探索畜牧业生产的影响和正在提出的缓解方法。然后，讨论扩大到考虑是否有可能仅通过技术措施大幅减少牲畜排放，或者是否还需要减少牲畜消费。本文主张明确将联合收割机温室气体减排与提高粮食安全的措施相结合的政策战略，并提出了进一步研究的建议。(C)2009爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Research shows that livestock account for a significant proportion of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and global consumption of livestock products is growing rapidly. This paper reviews the life cycle analysis (LCA) approach to quantifying these emissions and argues that, given the dynamic complexity of our food system, it offers a limited understanding of livestock's GHG impacts. It is argued that LCA's conclusions need rather to be considered within a broader conceptual framework that incorporates three key additional perspectives. The first is an understanding of the indirect second order effects of livestock production on land use change and associated CO(2) emissions. The second compares the opportunity cost of using land and resources to rear animals with their use for other food or non-food purposes. The third perspective is need-the paper considers how far people need livestock products at all. These perspectives are used as lenses through which to explore both the impacts of livestock production and the mitigation approaches that are being proposed. The discussion is then broadened to consider whether it is possible to substantially reduce livestock emissions through technological measures alone, or whether reductions in livestock consumption will additionally be required. The paper argues for policy strategies that explicitly combine GHG mitigation with measures to improve food security and concludes with suggestions for further research. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.