Myths of the Martial Arts
Myths of the Martial Arts
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武术神话
DOI：
10.18573/j.2014.10276
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Wetzler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Wetzler
本文试图识别神话叙事的重复模式，不同时代和世界不同地区的武术用这些模式来描述、解释和合法化他们的动作、行为和思维方式。它提出，当把武术作为意识形态系统来考察时，武术研究可以受益于纳入《宗教学》提供的概念和理论。因此，本文基于阿莱达和简·阿斯曼在《宗教学基本术语手册》中提出的将神话作为一种宗教叙事的功能主义概念。根据他们的观点，神话的三个基本功能可以被确定：奠定基础、创造合法性和塑造世界。在个别武术系统的叙事中，这三个基本功能往往使用一个或多个标准的拓朴，本文描述了其中的一些：神话创始人物、动物性运动、几何基础、战场起源、非暴力新神话。这些拓朴是由个人武术开发和使用的，系统之间没有必要的影响。目的不是解构和嘲笑这样的神话，而是指出和理解它们在武术传播和实践中的重要性。
This essay tries to identify the recurring patterns of mythic narratives with which martial arts at different times and in different parts of the world have described, explained, and legitimized their modes of action, behaviour, and thinking. It proposes that when examining martial arts as ideological systems, Martial Arts Studies could benefit from incorporating concepts and theories provided by Studies of Religion. The essay is accordingly based on the functionalistic concept of myth as a religious narrative as suggested by Aleida and Jan Assmann in the Handbuch religionswissenschaftlicher Grundbegriffe ('Handbook of basic terms for the Science of Religion'). According to them, three basic functions of myth can be identified: laying foundation, creating legitimation, and forming the world. In the narratives of individual martial arts systems, these three basic functions often utilize one or more standard topoi, some of which are described in the essay: mythical founding figures, zoomorphic movement, geometrical foundation, origin on the battlefield, neo-myths of non-violence. These topoi have been developed and used by individual martial arts without necessary influences between the systems. The aim is not to deconstruct and ridicule such myths, but to point out and understand their importance within the transmission and practice of martial arts.