Gaitography applied to prosthetic walking
Gaitography applied to prosthetic walking
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DOI：
10.1007/s11517-014-1195-1
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发表时间：
2014-11-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Beek, Peter J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Roerdink, Melvyn;Cutti, Andrea G.;Beek, Peter J.
在装有嵌入式力平台或压力传感器网格的仪器跑步机上行走时，压力中心（COP）轨迹表现出蝴蝶状的特征，反映了与交替步骤相关的中外侧和前后方向的重量转移。我们将“步态图”定义为对行走过程中COP轨迹的分析（“步态图”）。目前尚不清楚，然而，如果步态摄影可以用来表征病理步态，如侧化步态障碍。因此，我们在跑步机上以自己选择的舒适速度行走时，登记了经股和经胫骨截肢患者的步态图。我们发现步态图直接显示了假肢步态在步宽和假肢和非假肢单支撑站立阶段的相对持续时间方面的人与人之间的差异。我们进一步证明，考虑到COP在单支撑阶段的演变比在双支撑阶段慢得多，人们不仅应该关注gaitgraph的形状，还应该关注沿着该形状的时间演变。最后，导出了常用的假肢步态时空特征，揭示了假肢和非假肢步长、步次、摆动次数和双支撑持续时间的个体和系统差异。由于步态图可以在多个步态周期中以不显眼和无标记的方式快速收集，而不限制足部放置，因此步态图的临床应用似乎既方便又有吸引力。在步态图的临床应用之前，需要研究步态图的可重复性，并根据已知有效性和可靠性的金标准评估基于步态图的步态特征。
During walking on an instrumented treadmill with an embedded force platform or grid of pressure sensors, center-of-pressure (COP) trajectories exhibit a characteristic butterfly-like shape, reflecting the medio-lateral and anterior-posterior weight shifts associated with alternating steps. We define "gaitography" as the analysis of such COP trajectories during walking (the "gaitograms"). It is currently unknown, however, if gaitography can be employed to characterize pathological gait, such as lateralized gait impairments. We therefore registered gaitograms for a heterogeneous sample of persons with a trans-femoral and trans-tibial amputation during treadmill walking at a self-selected comfortable speed. We found that gaitograms directly visualize between-person differences in prosthetic gait in terms of step width and the relative duration of prosthetic and non-prosthetic single-support stance phases. We further demonstrated that one should not only focus on the gaitogram's shape but also on the time evolution along that shape, given that the COP evolves much slower in the single-support phase than in the double-support phase. Finally, commonly used temporal and spatial prosthetic gait characteristics were derived, revealing both individual and systematic differences in prosthetic and non-prosthetic step lengths, step times, swing times, and double-support durations. Because gaitograms can be rapidly collected in an unobtrusive and markerless manner over multiple gait cycles without constraining foot placement, clinical application of gaitography seems both expedient and appealing. Studies examining the repeatability of gaitograms and evaluating gaitography-based gait characteristics against a gold standard with known validity and reliability are required before gaitography can be clinically applied.