Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor.
Isolation and characterization of a bat SARS-like coronavirus that uses the ACE2 receptor.
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DOI：
10.1038/nature12711
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发表时间：
2013-11-28
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Shi ZL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ge XY;Li JL;Yang XL;Chmura AA;Zhu G;Epstein JH;Mazet JK;Hu B;Zhang W;Peng C;Zhang YJ;Luo CM;Tan B;Wang N;Zhu Y;Crameri G;Zhang SY;Wang LF;Daszak P;Shi ZL
报道了两种新型sars冠状病毒相关的蝙蝠冠状病毒的全基因组序列，以及一种蝙蝠sars样冠状病毒的活分离物；活分离物可通过ACE2感染人类细胞，这为迄今为止中国马蹄蝠是sars冠状病毒的天然宿主提供了最有力的证据。本文的在线版本（doi:10.1038/nature12711）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。彼得·达扎克（Peter Daszak）及其同事从中国马蹄蝠身上发现了两种新型冠状病毒，这两种病毒与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）密切相关，SARS-CoV是2002年和2003年大流行的原因。他们还从这些蝙蝠中分离出一种活病毒，该病毒与sars冠状病毒具有高度序列同一性，并且可以使用ACE2感染人类细胞，这与sars冠状病毒使用的受体相同。这些结果提供了迄今为止最有力的证据，表明马蹄蝠是sars冠状病毒的天然宿主。本文的在线版本（doi:10.1038/nature12711）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。2002 - 2003年由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）引起的大流行是近代历史上最重大的公共卫生事件之一。中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒的持续爆发表明，这类病毒仍然是一个主要威胁，其分布范围比以前认识到的要广。虽然蝙蝠被认为是这两种病毒的天然宿主，但从蝙蝠中分离sars冠状病毒祖病毒的尝试一直没有成功。目前在中国、欧洲和非洲的蝙蝠中已经报告了多种sars样冠状病毒（sl - cov），但由于它们与SARS-CoV的系统发育差异以及它们的刺突蛋白无法使用SARS-CoV细胞受体分子，即人血管紧张素转换酶II (ACE2)，因此没有一种被认为是SARS-CoV的直接祖病毒。在这里，我们报告了来自中国云南中华马蹄蝠（鼻蝠科）的两种新型蝙蝠冠状病毒的全基因组序列：RsSHC014和Rs3367。这些病毒与sars冠状病毒的关系比以前发现的任何蝙蝠冠状病毒都要密切得多，特别是在刺突蛋白的受体结合区域。最重要的是，我们报道了首次在Vero E6细胞中从蝙蝠粪便样本中分离到活的SL-CoV（蝙蝠SL-CoV- wiv1），该病毒具有典型的冠状病毒形态，序列与Rs3367同源性达99.9%，并使用来自人类、果子狸和中国马蹄蝙蝠的ACE2进入细胞。初步的体外实验表明，WIV1也具有广泛的物种趋向性。我们的研究结果提供了迄今为止最有力的证据，表明中国马蹄蝠是SARS-CoV的天然宿主，某些蝙蝠sl - cov可能不需要中间宿主直接感染人类。他们还强调了在新出现的疾病热点地区针对高风险野生动物群体的病原体发现计划的重要性，这是一项流行病防范战略。本文的在线版本（doi:10.1038/nature12711）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Whole-genome sequences of two novel SARS-CoV-related bat coronaviruses, in addition to a live isolate of a bat SARS-like coronavirus, are reported; the live isolate can infect human cells using ACE2, providing the strongest evidence to date that Chinese horseshoe bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-CoV. The online version of this article (doi:10.1038/nature12711) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Peter Daszak and colleagues identify two novel coronaviruses from Chinese horseshoe bats that are closely related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), the cause of a pandemic during 2002 and 2003. They also isolate a live virus from these bats that has high sequence identity to SARS-CoV and that can infect human cells using ACE2, the same receptor that is used by SARS-CoV. The results provide the strongest evidence to date that horseshoe bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-CoV. The online version of this article (doi:10.1038/nature12711) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. The 2002–3 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) was one of the most significant public health events in recent history. An ongoing outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus suggests that this group of viruses remains a key threat and that their distribution is wider than previously recognized. Although bats have been suggested to be the natural reservoirs of both viruses, attempts to isolate the progenitor virus of SARS-CoV from bats have been unsuccessful. Diverse SARS-like coronaviruses (SL-CoVs) have now been reported from bats in China, Europe and Africa, but none is considered a direct progenitor of SARS-CoV because of their phylogenetic disparity from this virus and the inability of their spike proteins to use the SARS-CoV cellular receptor molecule, the human angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2). Here we report whole-genome sequences of two novel bat coronaviruses from Chinese horseshoe bats (family: Rhinolophidae) in Yunnan, China: RsSHC014 and Rs3367. These viruses are far more closely related to SARS-CoV than any previously identified bat coronaviruses, particularly in the receptor binding domain of the spike protein. Most importantly, we report the first recorded isolation of a live SL-CoV (bat SL-CoV-WIV1) from bat faecal samples in Vero E6 cells, which has typical coronavirus morphology, 99.9% sequence identity to Rs3367 and uses ACE2 from humans, civets and Chinese horseshoe bats for cell entry. Preliminary in vitro testing indicates that WIV1 also has a broad species tropism. Our results provide the strongest evidence to date that Chinese horseshoe bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-CoV, and that intermediate hosts may not be necessary for direct human infection by some bat SL-CoVs. They also highlight the importance of pathogen-discovery programs targeting high-risk wildlife groups in emerging disease hotspots as a strategy for pandemic preparedness. The online version of this article (doi:10.1038/nature12711) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.