Distinct Biogeographic Patterns for Archaea, Bacteria, and Fungi along the Vegetation Gradient at the Continental Scale in Eastern China.
Distinct Biogeographic Patterns for Archaea, Bacteria, and Fungi along the Vegetation Gradient at the Continental Scale in Eastern China.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1128/msystems.00174-16
复制
发表时间：
2017-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Xu J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ma B;Dai Z;Wang H;Dsouza M;Liu X;He Y;Wu J;Rodrigues JL;Gilbert JA;Brookes PC;Xu J
了解微生物群落模式是提高我们对微生物功能的认识和预测生态系统对环境变化的反应的前提。利用来自110个地点的天然森林土壤样品，这项研究是全面了解中国东部大陆尺度上土壤古菌，细菌和真菌群落的不同模式的最大尝试之一。这些模式在天然林网站可以确定可靠的土壤微生物群落学模式，消除人为因素的影响。这些信息为监测地下生态系统的衰退和恢复提供了指导。同时，土壤微生物群落与相应天然林状态的偏离程度也反映了土壤生态系统的退化程度。此外，考虑到植被类型和微生物群落之间的关联，这些信息可以用来预测地下生态系统对全球气候变化引起的植被分布的长期响应。中国东部天然森林生态系统（从热带森林到北方森林）在过去的300年里由于耕地的开发而逐渐衰退，但人们对这一大陆尺度自然植被梯度上微生物沿着分布的历史地理格局和驱动过程知之甚少。以中国东部4个植被带为样带，对沿着110个天然林样地的土壤古菌、细菌和真菌群落的地理分布格局进行了预测。距离衰减关系表明古菌，细菌和真菌群落的不同的地理模式。而历史进程主要影响细菌群落的变化，空间自相关的环境变量主要影响真菌群落。沿着植被梯度的距离衰减模式没有表现出despacea。细菌群落多样性和结构与酸溶铁与游离铁氧化物的比值（FeO/Fed比）相关。溶解性有机碳（DOC）和游离铝（Ald）分别影响着土壤真菌群落的多样性和结构。这些环境变量的作用，证实了占主导地位的业务分类单位（OTUs）和土壤变量之间的相关性。然而，大多数占主导地位的OTU与整个社区的主要驱动变量无关。这些结果表明，土壤古菌、细菌和真菌在沿着大陆尺度的自然植被梯度上具有不同的生态地理格局和驱动过程，暗示着古菌、细菌和真菌在土壤生态系统中不同的群落组装机制和生态功能。重要性了解微生物地理模式是提高我们对微生物功能的认识和预测生态系统对环境变化的反应的前提。利用来自110个地点的天然森林土壤样品，这项研究是全面了解中国东部大陆尺度上土壤古菌，细菌和真菌群落的不同模式的最大尝试之一。天然森林地点的这些模式可以通过消除人为影响来确定可靠的土壤微生物生物地理模式。这些信息为监测地下生态系统的衰退和恢复提供了指导。同时，土壤微生物群落与相应天然林状态的偏离程度也反映了土壤生态系统的退化程度。此外，考虑到植被类型和微生物群落之间的关联，这些信息可以用来预测地下生态系统对全球气候变化引起的植被分布的长期响应。
Understanding biogeographic patterns is a precursor to improving our knowledge of the function of microbiomes and to predicting ecosystem responses to environmental change. Using natural forest soil samples from 110 locations, this study is one of the largest attempts to comprehensively understand the different patterns of soil archaeal, bacterial, and fungal biogeography at the continental scale in eastern China. These patterns in natural forest sites could ascertain reliable soil microbial biogeographic patterns by eliminating anthropogenic influences. This information provides guidelines for monitoring the belowground ecosystem’s decline and restoration. Meanwhile, the deviations in the soil microbial communities from corresponding natural forest states indicate the extent of degradation of the soil ecosystem. Moreover, given the association between vegetation type and the microbial community, this information could be used to predict the long-term response of the underground ecosystem to the vegetation distribution caused by global climate change. The natural forest ecosystem in Eastern China, from tropical forest to boreal forest, has declined due to cropland development during the last 300 years, yet little is known about the historical biogeographic patterns and driving processes for the major domains of microorganisms along this continental-scale natural vegetation gradient. We predicted the biogeographic patterns of soil archaeal, bacterial, and fungal communities across 110 natural forest sites along a transect across four vegetation zones in Eastern China. The distance decay relationships demonstrated the distinct biogeographic patterns of archaeal, bacterial, and fungal communities. While historical processes mainly influenced bacterial community variations, spatially autocorrelated environmental variables mainly influenced the fungal community. Archaea did not display a distance decay pattern along the vegetation gradient. Bacterial community diversity and structure were correlated with the ratio of acid oxalate-soluble Fe to free Fe oxides (Feo/Fed ratio). Fungal community diversity and structure were influenced by dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and free aluminum (Ald), respectively. The role of these environmental variables was confirmed by the correlations between dominant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and edaphic variables. However, most of the dominant OTUs were not correlated with the major driving variables for the entire communities. These results demonstrate that soil archaea, bacteria, and fungi have different biogeographic patterns and driving processes along this continental-scale natural vegetation gradient, implying different community assembly mechanisms and ecological functions for archaea, bacteria, and fungi in soil ecosystems. IMPORTANCE Understanding biogeographic patterns is a precursor to improving our knowledge of the function of microbiomes and to predicting ecosystem responses to environmental change. Using natural forest soil samples from 110 locations, this study is one of the largest attempts to comprehensively understand the different patterns of soil archaeal, bacterial, and fungal biogeography at the continental scale in eastern China. These patterns in natural forest sites could ascertain reliable soil microbial biogeographic patterns by eliminating anthropogenic influences. This information provides guidelines for monitoring the belowground ecosystem’s decline and restoration. Meanwhile, the deviations in the soil microbial communities from corresponding natural forest states indicate the extent of degradation of the soil ecosystem. Moreover, given the association between vegetation type and the microbial community, this information could be used to predict the long-term response of the underground ecosystem to the vegetation distribution caused by global climate change.