Experimental Characterization and Pore-Scale Modeling of Iron Precipitation in Shale Reservoirs by Interacting with Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid

Experimental Characterization and Pore-Scale Modeling of Iron Precipitation in Shale Reservoirs by Interacting with Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid
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页岩储层中铁与水力压裂液相互作用沉淀的实验表征和孔隙尺度模拟

DOI:
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c02568
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Lee, Kyung Jae
Lee, Kyung Jae
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
You, Jiahui;Lee, Kyung Jae

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据报道,美国总碳氢化合物产量的60%来自页岩储层。了解反应输运对于天然页岩地下系统的应用具有根本重要性,天然页岩具有丰富的碳酸盐、粘土和硫化物成分,这些成分与水具有高反应性。在这项研究中,我们专注于黄铁矿(硫化物)和水力压裂液在页岩中的相互作用,调查铁沉淀对流体传输的潜在影响。我们首先进行了实验与黄铁矿样品校准黄铁矿氧化(在黄铁矿表面)和Fe 2+氧化(在溶液中)的反应速率常数。利用得到的反应速率常数建立了孔尺度的数值模型,跟踪这些氧化反应。换句话说,黄铁矿表面氧化和Fe2+氧化的反应速率常数通过匹配的数值模拟结果与离子浓度的实验测量进行校准。通过这样做,我们也可以获得我们开发的数值模拟器的信心。在数值模拟案例1中,主要发生黄铁矿氧化和Fe 2+氧化反应,在系统中的传输模式进行了研究的基础上的数字岩石图像模型。在数值模拟案例2中,将水平集方法与反应输运模型相结合,模拟氢氧化铁在黄铁矿表面的沉淀过程。研究了不同Damko数(DaII)条件下数字岩石图像模式中的降水模式。在较大的Da Ⅱ下,沉淀的氢氧化铁(III)具有较长的树枝状形状,并且沉淀模式是高度随机的。从这项研究中获得的量化孔隙尺度参数,预计将改善连续尺度模型,以准确预测页岩中的黄铁矿和水力压裂液之间的相互作用的潜在影响。
It has been reported that ∼60% of total U.S. hydrocarbon production comes from shale reservoirs. Understanding of reactive transport is of fundamental importance to the application in subsurface systems of natural shales that have rich compositions of carbonate, clay, and sulfide, which have high reactivity with water. In this study, we focus on the interaction between pyrite (sulfide) and hydraulic fracturing fluid in shale to investigate the potential impact of iron precipitation on fluid transport. We first conducted the experiments with pyrite samples to calibrate the reaction rate constants for pyrite oxidation (at the pyrite surface) and Fe2+oxidation (in solution). The obtained reaction rate constants were utilized to establish the pore-scale numerical model to track these oxidation reactions. In other words, the reaction rate constants of pyrite surface oxidation and Fe2+oxidation were calibrated by matching the results of numerical simulations with the experimental measurements of ion concentrations. By doing so, we could also obtain confidence in our developed numerical simulator. In numerical simulation case 1, where the reactions of pyrite oxidation and Fe2+oxidation mainly occurred, the transport patterns in the systems were investigated based on the digital rock image model. In numerical simulation case 2, the level-set method was coupled with the reactive transport model to simulate iron(III) hydroxide precipitation on the pyrite surface. The precipitation patterns in the digital rock image model were investigated under different Damköhler numbers (DaII). Under the largerDaII, the precipitated iron(III) hydroxides had a longer dendritic shape, and the precipitation pattern was highly random. The quantified pore-scale parameters obtained from this study are expected to improve continuum-scale models to accurately predict the potential impact of the interaction between pyrite in shale and hydraulic fracturing fluid.
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