LONG-TERM PERSISTENCE
LONG-TERM PERSISTENCE
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DOI：
10.1111/jeea.12177
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Zingales, Luigi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guiso, Luigi;Sapienza, Paola;Zingales, Luigi
我们研究积极的历史冲击是否能产生长期的持续发展。我们发现，在中世纪实现自治的意大利城市今天的公民资本水平高于同一地区的类似城市，没有。这种影响的大小随着独立期的长短及其强度的增加而增加。即使考虑到城市并非随机独立的事实，这种效应依然存在。我们推测，中世纪的自治经验培养了自我效能的信念，相信自己有能力完成任务，达到目标，这种积极的态度，代代相传，提高了今天的公民资本。因此，我们发现，在前自由城邦的五年级学生表现出更强的自我效能感的信念，这些信念与较高水平的公民资本。
We study whether a positive historical shock can generate long-term persistence in development. We show that Italian cities that achieved self-government in the Middle Ages have a higher level of civic capital today than similar cities in the same area that did not. The size of this effect increases with the length of the period of independence and its intensity. This effect persists even after accounting for the fact that cities did not become independent randomly. We conjecture that the Middle-Age experience of self-government fostered self-efficacy beliefs-beliefs in one's own ability to complete tasks and reach goals-and this positive attitude, transmitted across generations, enhances civic capital today. Consistently, we find that fifth-graders in former free city-states exhibit stronger self-efficacy beliefs and that these beliefs are correlated with a higher level of civic capital.