Transalpine colonisation and partial phylogeographic erosion by dispersal in the common vole (Microtus arvalis)
Transalpine colonisation and partial phylogeographic erosion by dispersal in the common vole (Microtus arvalis)
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04189.x
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Heckel, Gerald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Braaker, Sonja;Heckel, Gerald
通过分析来自 52 个地点的 137 只田鼠的线粒体细胞色素 b 基因 (mtDNA) 和 19 个微卫星位点 (nucDNA)，研究了阿尔卑斯地区普通田鼠 (Microtus arvalis) 的定殖历史和遗传结构。与之前的研究相比，mtDNA 数据提供了该地区三个高度分化的进化谱系的更加精细的分布。尽管高山脉被广泛认为是许多生物体，尤其是小型陆生哺乳动物定殖过程的障碍，但我们的系统发育地理学分析显示了普通田鼠四次跨高山定殖事件的明确证据。基于个体的 nucDNA 系统发育分析和两种替代贝叶斯聚类方法揭示了类似于 mtDNA 的深层遗传结构。 nucDNA 和 mtDNA 在个体水平上的不一致仅限于谱系之间的接触区域。 M. arvalis 的 mtDNA 模式和强烈的雌性亲缘关系表明，穿越阿尔卑斯山是在该地区殖民期间发生的，当时该地区在末次冰河作用之后没有冰。 nucDNA模式表明，这种系统发育地理模式的一些跨高山元素随后被偏向雄性的基因流侵蚀。我们的结论是，系统发育地理学和景观遗传学在个体水平上的结合可以为殖民事件提供非常详细的见解，甚至可以区分历史过程和最近的过程。
The colonisation history and genetic structure of the common vole (Microtus arvalis) was investigated in the region of the Alps by analysing the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (mtDNA) and 19 microsatellite loci (nucDNA) for 137 voles from 52 localities. mtDNA data provided a much refined distribution of three highly divergent evolutionary lineages in the region compared to previous studies. Although high mountain ranges are widely accepted to be barriers for colonisation processes for many organisms and especially small terrestrial mammals, our phylogeographic analyses showed clear evidence of four transalpine colonisation events by the common vole. Individual-based phylogenetic analyses of nucDNA and two alternative Bayesian-clustering approaches revealed a deep genetic structure analogous to mtDNA. Incongruence between nucDNA and mtDNA at the individual level was restricted to the regions of contact between the lineages. mtDNA patterns and strong female philopatry in M. arvalis suggest that the crossings of the Alps occurred during the colonisation of the region when it was free from ice after the last glaciation. nucDNA patterns suggest that some of the transalpine elements of this phylogeographic pattern were subsequently eroded by male-biased gene flow. We conclude that the combination of phylogeography and landscape genetics at the individual level can provide very detailed insights into colonisation events and may even allow differentiation between historical and more recent processes.