Distribution, cellular localization, and colocalization of several peptide neurotransmitters in the central nervous system of Aplysia.
Distribution, cellular localization, and colocalization of several peptide neurotransmitters in the central nervous system of Aplysia.
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DOI：
10.1101/lm.053758.123
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发表时间：
2023-05
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Hokfelt, Tomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hawkins, Robert D.;Brodin, Lennart;Theodorsson, Elvar;Vegvari, Akos;Kandel, Eric R.;Hokfelt, Tomas
神经肽作为神经递质广泛应用于脊椎动物和无脊椎动物。在脊椎动物中，神经系统的复杂性阻碍了对它们作为传递器的功能的详细理解。海洋软体动物Aaplasia具有更简单的神经系统和许多大的已识别神经元，为解决这个问题提供了几个优势，并已被用于研究数十种肽在行为中的作用。为了筛选其他可能在行为中发挥作用的肽，我们观察了成年阿龙的中枢神经系统中单个神经元的免疫反应性，其中抗阿龙肽FMRFamide和两种也在阿龙中发现的哺乳动物肽，胆囊收缩素（CCK）和神经肽Y（NPY）以及5-羟色胺（5-HT）。此外，我们观察到染色的个别神经元与抗血清提出了对哺乳动物生长抑素（SOM）和肽组氨酸异亮氨酸（PHI）。然而，基因组分析表明，这两种肽在失智症神经系统中不表达，因此我们将这两种抗体染色的未知肽标记为XSOM和XPHI。在大脑神经节的前端有一个区域被针对许多不同递质的抗血清染色，这表明这可能是神经系统的调节区域。在腹神经节的袋细胞簇中还存在XSOM染色，并且在某些情况下，还存在FMRFamide染色。此外，这些和其他研究揭示了不同神经肽在单个神经元中的相当高的共定位程度，这表明肽不仅独立地起作用，而且还可以以不同的组合相互作用以产生复杂的功能。简单的神经系统的失智症是有利的进一步测试这些想法。
Neuropeptides are widely used as neurotransmitters in vertebrates and invertebrates. In vertebrates, a detailed understanding of their functions as transmitters has been hampered by the complexity of the nervous system. The marine mollusk Aplysia, with a simpler nervous system and many large, identified neurons, presents several advantages for addressing this question and has been used to examine the roles of tens of peptides in behavior. To screen for other peptides that might also play roles in behavior, we observed immunoreactivity in individual neurons in the central nervous system of adult Aplysia with antisera raised against the Aplysia peptide FMRFamide and two mammalian peptides that are also found in Aplysia, cholecystokinin (CCK) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), as well as serotonin (5HT). In addition, we observed staining of individual neurons with antisera raised against mammalian somatostatin (SOM) and peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI). However, genomic analysis has shown that these two peptides are not expressed in the Aplysia nervous system, and we have therefore labeled the unknown peptides stained by these two antibodies as XSOM and XPHI. There was an area at the anterior end of the cerebral ganglion that had staining by antisera raised against many different transmitters, suggesting that this may be a modulatory region of the nervous system. There was also staining for XSOM and, in some cases, FMRFamide in the bag cell cluster of the abdominal ganglion. In addition, these and other studies have revealed a fairly high degree of colocalization of different neuropeptides in individual neurons, suggesting that the peptides do not just act independently but can also interact in different combinations to produce complex functions. The simple nervous system of Aplysia is advantageous for further testing these ideas.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Chan-Andersen, Peter C.;Romanova, Elena, V;Rubakhin, Stanislav S.;Sweedler, Jonathan, V
通讯作者：
Sweedler, Jonathan, V
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Jiang HM;Yang Z;Xue YY;Wang HY;Guo SQ;Xu JP;Li YD;Fu P;Ding XY;Yu K;Liu WJ;Zhang G;Wang J;Zhou HB;Susswein AJ;Jing J
通讯作者：
Jing J
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Jing, Jian;Vilim, Ferdinand S.;Weiss, Klaudiusz R.
通讯作者：
Weiss, Klaudiusz R.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Romanova EV;Sasaki K;Alexeeva V;Vilim FS;Jing J;Richmond TA;Weiss KR;Sweedler JV
通讯作者：
Sweedler JV
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
HAMMOND, C;PAUPARDINTRITSCH, D;GERSCHENFELD, HM
通讯作者：
GERSCHENFELD, HM