Early, current and past pet ownership: associations with sensitization, bronchial responsiveness and allergic symptoms in school children
Early, current and past pet ownership: associations with sensitization, bronchial responsiveness and allergic symptoms in school children
复制标题
DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2222.2002.01254.x
复制
发表时间：
2002-03-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
van Vliet, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anyo, G;Brunekreef, B;van Vliet, P
背景研究表明，早期接触宠物可以预防过敏和哮喘的发生。目的探讨学龄儿童早期、现在和过去养宠物与致敏、支气管反应性和过敏症状的关系。方法采用国际儿童哮喘和过敏研究（ISAAC）的方法，对近3000名小学生进行调查。使用父母填写的ISAAC问卷测量过敏症状。使用皮肤点刺试验（SPT）和/或血清免疫球蛋白（IG）E测定来测量对常见过敏原的致敏性。使用高渗盐水激发测试支气管反应性。宠物饲养情况采用问卷调查。分别记录猫、狗、啮齿动物和鸟类当前、过去和早期暴露于宠物的情况。结果目前接触宠物的儿童对猫的致敏性明显低于接触宠物的儿童，而接触猫的儿童对猫的致敏性明显低于接触宠物的儿童（比值比（OR）= 0.69）和狗（OR = 0.63）过敏原，室内过敏原一般（OR = 0.64），室外过敏原（OR = 0.60）相比，谁从来没有在家里养宠物的儿童。花粉热（OR=0.66）和鼻炎（OR=0.76）也较少。相比之下，喘息、哮喘和支气管反应性与目前养宠物无关。与过去养宠物相关的比值比通常高于1，在校正分析中对哮喘有显著意义（OR= 1.85），表明有致敏和/或有症状儿童的家庭选择性避免养宠物。在生命的头两年养宠物与花粉敏感性呈负相关：在出生后的前两年养过毛茸茸的宠物的OR = 0.71，在出生后的前两年养过猫和/或狗的OR = 0.73，结论这些结果表明，目前的宠物所有权与致敏和花粉热症状之间的负相关，部分原因是在有敏感和/或有症状的儿童的家庭中去除宠物。在生命的头两年养宠物似乎只能提供一些防止花粉过敏的保护。
Background Studies have suggested that early contact with pets may prevent the development of allergy and asthma. Objective To study the association between early, current and past pet ownership and sensitization, bronchial responsiveness and allergic symptoms in school children.Methods A population of almost 3000 primary school children was investigated using protocols of the International Study on Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). Allergic symptoms were measured using the parent-completed ISAAC questionnaire. Sensitization to common allergens was measured using skin prick tests (SPT)s and/or serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E determinations. Bronchial responsiveness was tested using a hypertonic saline challenge. Pet ownership was investigated by questionnaire. Current, past and early exposure to pets was documented separately for cats, dogs, rodents and birds. The data on current, past and early pet exposure were then related to allergic symptoms, sensitization and bronchial responsiveness.Results Among children currently exposed to pets, there was significantly less sensitization to cat (odds ratio (OR) = 0.69) and dog (OR = 0.63) allergens, indoor allergens in general (OR = 0.64), and outdoor allergens (OR = 0.60) compared to children who never had pets in the home. There was also less hayfever (OR=0.66) and rhinitis (OR=0.76). In contrast, wheeze, asthma and bronchial responsiveness were not associated with current pet ownership. Odds ratios associated with past pet ownership were generally above unity, and significant for asthma in the adjusted analysis (OR= 1.85), suggesting selective avoidance in families with sensitized and/or symptomatic children. Pet ownership in the first two years of life only showed an inverse association with sensitization to pollen: OR = 0.71 for having had furry or feathery pets in general in the first two years of life, and OR = 0.73 for having had cats and/or dogs in the first two years of life, compared to not having had pets in the first two years of life.Conclusion These results suggest that the inverse association between current pet ownership and sensitization and hayfever symptoms was partly due to the removal of pets in families with sensitized and/or symptomatic children. Pet ownership in the first two years of life only seemed to offer some protection against sensitization to pollen.