Genetic risk factors for major depression in men and women: similar or different heritabilities and same or partly distinct genes?
Genetic risk factors for major depression in men and women: similar or different heritabilities and same or partly distinct genes?
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291701003907
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Prescott, CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kendler, KS;Gardner, CO;Prescott, CA
背景尽管女性患抑郁症的风险一直高于男性，但目前尚不清楚性别是否会改变遗传因素对抑郁症的病因学影响。男性和女性MD的遗传性不同吗？同样的遗传风险因素是否会使男性和女性易患MD？方法.我们通过两次个人访谈从6672对单独的双胞胎和2974对完整的双胞胎中获得了MD的终身史。狭窄程度增加的诊断标准有三种：DSM-III-R、DSM-III-R+损害和华盛顿大学。为了通过控制评估的不可靠性来增加功效，我们使用结构方程测量模型评估了MD遗传风险的性别差异。使用DSM-III-R标准，但不是两个较窄的定义，MD的遗传性在女性中显着高于男性。在三个诊断系统中，男性和女性MD易感性的遗传相关性估计在+0.50和+0.65之间。这些估计差异显着从统一的两个更广泛的定义。使用广义而非狭义的疾病定义，遗传因素在女性MD病因学中的作用大于男性。影响男女MD风险的基因是相关的，但可能并不完全相同。这些结果提出了一种可能性，即在连锁和关联研究中，某些位点对MD风险的影响在男性和女性中会有所不同。
Background. Although women are at consistently greater risk for major depression (MD) than men, it is unclear whether sex modifies the aetiological impact of genetic factors on MD. Is the heritability of MD different in men and women? Do the same genetic risk factors predispose to MD in the two sexes?Methods. We obtained a lifetime history of MD by personal interview on two occasions from 6672 individual twins and 2974 complete twin pairs. Three diagnostic criteria of increasing narrowness were employed: DSM-III-R, DSM-III-R plus impairment and Washington University. To increase power by controlling for unreliability of assessment, we evaluated sex differences on genetic risk for MD using a structural equation measurement model.Results. Using DSM-III-R criteria, but not the two narrower definitions, heritability of MD was significantly greater in women than in men. In the three diagnostic systems, the genetic correlation in liability to MD in men and women was estimated at between + 0.50 and + 0.65. These estimates differed significantly from unity for the two broader definitions.Conclusion. Using broad but not narrower definitions of illness, genetic factors play a greater role in the aetiology of MD in women than in men. The genes that influence risk for MD in the two sexes are correlated but are probably not entirely the same. These results raiser the possibility that, in linkage and association studies, the impact of some loci on risk for MD will differ in men and women.