Prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus in Hani school children in rural southwest China: a cross-sectional study
Prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus in Hani school children in rural southwest China: a cross-sectional study
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中国西南农村哈尼族学童弱视和斜视患病率：一项横断面研究
DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025441
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Liu, Hu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhu, Hui;Pan, Chenwei;Liu, Hu
目的：确定中国哈尼族学龄儿童弱视和斜视的患病率。
方法：邀请中国西南部墨江哈尼族自治县的所有一年级和七年级学生接受由经验丰富的眼科医生和验光师进行的全面眼部检查，包括视力、眼位和眼球运动、睫状肌麻痹后自动验光、眼前节和眼底检查。采用弱视和斜视的标准定义来计算其患病率。
结果：共有1656名（应答率91.0%）一年级哈尼族学生和1394名（应答率92.8%）七年级哈尼族学生参与了该研究。25名哈尼族学生患有弱视（0.82%，95%置信区间0.55% - 1.20%），在年级（p = 0.42）和性别（p = 0.69）方面无显著差异。在这25名弱视儿童中，17名患有单侧弱视，8名患有双侧弱视，其中包括16名屈光参差性弱视、8名双眼屈光性弱视和1名斜视性弱视。59名哈尼族学生患有斜视（1.93%，95%置信区间1.50% - 2.48%），包括47名间歇性外斜视、6名恒定性外斜视、5名恒定性内斜视和1名单侧上斜肌麻痹。七年级学生斜视患病率高于一年级学生，具有临界显著性（2.44%对1.50%，p = 0.07），但在性别上相似（男孩2.16%，女孩1.68%，p = 0.36）。
结论：中国哈尼族学龄儿童弱视和斜视的患病率均低于先前中国汉族儿童以及非中国研究中许多其他种族/民族人群的报告患病率。屈光不正为弱视的主要病因，间歇性外斜视为主要的斜视类型。
Purpose To determine the prevalence rate of amblyopia and strabismus in Chinese Hani ethnic school-aged children. Methods All grade 1 and grade 7 students in Mojiang Hani Autonomous County, located in southwest China, were invited for comprehensive eye examinations performed by experienced ophthalmologists and optometrists, including visual acuity, ocular alignment and movements, cycloplegic autorefraction, anterior segment and fundus examinations. Standard definitions of amblyopia and strabismus were applied to calculate their prevalence rate. Results A total of 1656 (91.0% response rate) grade 1 Hani students and 1394 (92.8% response rate) grade 7 Hani students participated in the study. Amblyopia was present in 25 Hani students (0.82%, 95% CI 0.55% to 1.20%), with no significant differences in grade (p=0.42) and gender (p=0.69). Among these 25 amblyopic children, 17 had unilateral amblyopia and eight had bilateral amblyopia, including 16 anisometropic, eight binocular refractive and one strabismic. Strabismus was found in 59 Hani students (1.93%, 95% CI 1.50% to 2.48%), including 47 with intermittent exotropia, six with constant exotropia, five with constant esotropia and one with unilateral superior oblique palsy. The prevalence rate of strabismus was higher in grade 7 students than grade 1 students with borderline significance (2.44%vs1.50%, p=0.07), but was similar by gender (2.16% in boys vs 1.68% in girls, p=0.36). Conclusion The prevalence of amblyopia and strabismus in Chinese Hani school children are both lower than that previously reported for Chinese Han children in China and for many other racial/ethnic populations from non-China studies. Refractive error is the major cause for amblyopia and intermittent exotropia is the primary strabismus type.