Age differences in the heritability of mean and intraindividual variation of psychological distress.
Age differences in the heritability of mean and intraindividual variation of psychological distress.
复制标题
心理困扰的平均遗传力和个体内变异的年龄差异。
DOI：
10.1159/000074385
复制
发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Almeida,DavidM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Neiss,Michelle;Almeida,DavidM
背景：个体变异研究中的一个重要问题是，人与人之间的变异和人体内的变异是否具有相同的解释机制。目的：研究遗传和环境在不同时间范围内对情绪的影响，以及遗传和环境对人体内情绪变化的影响。方法：年龄在25-74岁的双胞胎参与者提供了他们在每月、每周和每天回忆期间的情感经历的信息。通过问卷调查和每日电话访谈来评估负面情绪的频率。结果：每月、每周和每日的负面影响报告均显示出适度的遗传影响。每月和每日的测量也显示出适度的共同环境影响。兄弟姐妹在人与人之间的情感差异上的相似性完全是由共同的环境决定的。基因和环境影响的年龄差异测试显示，基因对老年人每月情感报告的影响更大，但对老年人日常情感体验的影响较小。结论：老年人日常情绪的低遗传率与标准行为遗传预期相矛盾，与老年人获得情绪调节技能的命题一致。
Background:An important question in the study of intraindividual variability is whether the same explanatory mechanisms govern between person variation and within person variation.Objective:This paper investigates genetic and environmental influences on affect across varying time frames and genetic and environmental influences on within person variation in affect.Methods:Twin participants aged 25–74 years provided information on their affective experiences over monthly, weekly, and daily recall periods. Questionnaires and daily telephone interviews were used to assess frequency of negative emotions.Results:Monthly, weekly, and daily reports of negative affect all showed modest genetic influence. Monthly and daily measures also demonstrated modest shared environmental influence. Sibling resemblance in within-person variation in affect was accounted for entirely by shared environment. Tests for age differences in magnitude of genetic and environmental effects revealed that genetic influences on monthly reports of affect were greater among older adults, but genetic influences on daily affective experiences were lower among older adults.Conclusions:Lowered heritability in daily affect among older adults contradicts standard behavior genetic expectations, and is consistent with the proposition that older adults gain skills in emotion regulation.