Experiences of violence and abuse among internally displaced adolescent girls following a natural disaster
Experiences of violence and abuse among internally displaced adolescent girls following a natural disaster
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DOI：
10.1111/jan.13316
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Campbell, Doris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sloand, Elizabeth;Killion, Cheryl;Campbell, Doris
目标：描述 2010 年海地地震后国内流离失所少女遭受的身体、心理和性暴力以及相关风险因素、健康问题和文化规范。背景：地震后数千名青少年流离失所，使她们容易受到虐待和暴力。在自然灾害和人为灾害之后，流离失所的幸存者尤其容易受到暴力侵害。 设计：采用描述性相关设计来：(1) 描述流离失所的少女遭受暴力的程度、健康风险和担忧； (2) 确定所选变量之间关系的强度和程度的相关性，包括人口统计、风险因素和暴力文化容忍度。方法：使用 2011 年至 2013 年期间计算机辅助自我访谈从参与者收集数据，包括人口统计、地震前和震后暴力、肇事者、风险因素和健康后果。分析包括频率、逻辑回归和多元回归。结果/调查结果：大多数人报告在地震前（59%）和地震后（64.1%）遭受身体、心理或性虐待。地震前，受虐待的青少年报告施暴者是男朋友（50%）或家庭成员（30%）。地震后，20.5%的身体虐待施暴者是家庭成员。地震前后的身体虐待和性虐待没有改变。在控制了年龄和教育程度后，地震后遭受性虐待的风险有所增加。结论：流离失所的少女在地震前后遭受身体虐待和性虐待的比例相似。这些发现表明，在资源匮乏的国家，针对受灾少女制定预防政策的重要性。由于地震前虐待行为的发生率高得令人无法接受，因此迫切需要社会和文化变革。
Aim: To describe the physical, psychological and sexual violence among internally displaced adolescent girls following the 2010 Haiti earthquake and related risk factors, health concerns and cultural norms.Background: Thousands of adolescents were displaced following the earthquake, leaving them vulnerable to abuse and violence. Displaced survivors are disproportionately vulnerable to violence after natural and man-made disasters.Design: A descriptive-correlational design was used to: (1) describe the extent of violence, health risks and concerns in the displaced adolescent girls; and (2) identify correlations in the strength and magnitude of relationships between selected variables including demographics, risk factors and cultural tolerance of violence.Methods: Data were collected from participants using computer-assisted self-interviews between 2011-2013 including demographics, pre- and post-earthquake violence, perpetrators, risk factors and health consequences. Analysis included frequency, logistic regression and multiple regression.Results/Findings: A majority reported physical, psychological, or sexual abuse both pre-(59%) and post-(64.1%) earthquake. Pre-earthquake, abused adolescents reported the perpetrator as a boyfriend (50%) or family member (30%). Post-earthquake, 20.5% of physical abuse perpetrators were family members. Pre- and post-earthquake physical and sexual abuse did not change. The risk of being sexually abused post-earthquake increased after controlling for age and education.Conclusion: Displaced adolescent girls reported similar rates of physical and sexual abuse pre- and post-earthquake. These findings show the importance of preventive policies for adolescent girls in disaster situations in countries with low resources. Social and cultural change is critically needed since abuse was at an unacceptably high rate prior to the earthquake.