Mindfulness Training Improves Working Memory Capacity and GRE Performance While Reducing Mind Wandering
Mindfulness Training Improves Working Memory Capacity and GRE Performance While Reducing Mind Wandering
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797612459659
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Schooler, Jonathan W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mrazek, Michael D.;Franklin, Michael S.;Schooler, Jonathan W.
考虑到专注于一项任务而不分心的能力是在各种环境下表现的基础，训练一个人保持任务的能力应该会导致同样广泛的表现提升。在一项随机对照调查中，我们检查了为期两周的正念训练课程是否会减少走神和改善认知表现。正念训练提高了GRE阅读理解分数和工作记忆容量，同时减少了在完成GRE和工作记忆测量过程中分心思想的发生。正念训练后表现的改善是通过减少在预试时容易分心的参与者之间的走神而实现的。我们的结果表明，培养正念是一种有效和高效的改善认知功能的技术，具有广泛的影响。
Given that the ability to attend to a task without distraction underlies performance in a wide variety of contexts, training one's ability to stay on task should result in a similarly broad enhancement of performance. In a randomized controlled investigation, we examined whether a 2-week mindfulness-training course would decrease mind wandering and improve cognitive performance. Mindfulness training improved both GRE reading-comprehension scores and working memory capacity while simultaneously reducing the occurrence of distracting thoughts during completion of the GRE and the measure of working memory. Improvements in performance following mindfulness training were mediated by reduced mind wandering among participants who were prone to distraction at pretesting. Our results suggest that cultivating mindfulness is an effective and efficient technique for improving cognitive function, with wide-reaching consequences.