Unitary or non-unitary nature of working memory? Evidence from its relation to general fluid and crystallized intelligence
Unitary or non-unitary nature of working memory? Evidence from its relation to general fluid and crystallized intelligence
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DOI：
10.1016/j.intell.2012.05.002
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Liu, Chang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dang, Cai-Ping;Braeken, Johan;Liu, Chang
这项研究探讨了围绕工作记忆的争议：它是提供通用资源的单一系统还是具有特定领域子组件的更加差异化的系统。共有 348 名参与者完成了一组 6 项工作记忆任务，这些任务的存储目标内容和信息处理类型系统地不同，以及一组 6 项测量一般流体智力和一般结晶智力的测试。结构方程建模方法形式化并测试了工作记忆分化视角的理论预期。研究发现，视觉空间工作记忆与一般流体智力的相关性高于一般结晶智力，反之亦然。此外，一般流体智力与视觉空间工作记忆的相关性比与语言数字工作记忆的相关性更强，对于一般结晶智力而言反之亦然。这些关系模式支持这样的论点：工作记忆不是一个简单的单一系统，而是可以区分为特定领域的组成部分，即视觉空间工作记忆和言语数字工作记忆。 (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
This study explored the controversy surrounding working memory: whether it is a unitary system providing general purpose resources or a more differentiated system with domain-specific sub-components. A total of 348 participants completed a set of 6 working memory tasks that systematically varied in storage target contents and type of information processing, as well as a set of 6 tests measuring general fluid intelligence and general crystallized intelligence. A structural equation modeling approach formalized and tested the theoretical expectations of the differentiation perspective on working memory. Visuo-spatial working memory was found to be more strongly correlated with general fluid intelligence than with general crystallized intelligence, and vice versa for verbal-numerical working memory. Additionally, general fluid intelligence was more strongly correlated with visuo-spatial working memory than with verbal-numerical working memory, and vice versa for general crystallized intelligence. These patterns of relationships supported the argument that working memory is not a simple unitary system, but can be differentiated in domain-specific components which are visuo-spatial working memory and verbal-numerical working memory. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.