Cascaded pattern formation in hydrogel medium using the polymerisation approach.
Cascaded pattern formation in hydrogel medium using the polymerisation approach.
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DOI：
10.1039/d1sm00296a
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发表时间：
2021-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
K. Abe;S. Murata;I. Kawamata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Abe;S. Murata;I. Kawamata
反应扩散系统是自然界中发现的具有多种模式的形成过程模型之一。受自然模式形成的启发，人们提出了几种设计人工化学反应扩散系统的方法。由于DNA的可编程性，它是构建这种人工系统的合适构件。先前，我们报道了由于合成DNA的反应和扩散而形成的线状图案；然而，线的宽度太宽，无法用于进一步的应用，如平行和多阶段的模式形成。在这里，我们提出了一种新的方法来编程水凝胶介质中的反应扩散系统，以实现能够形成叠加和级联图案的锐线。该系统的机制利用由杂交引起的DNA的两段聚合。为了使系统叠加，我们设计了正交的DNA序列，在水凝胶上的不同位置形成两条线。此外，我们设计了一个反应，释放DNA并形成级联模式，其中第三条线出现在两条线之间。为了解释系统的机理，我们将系统建模为偏微分方程，其仿真结果与实验数据吻合较好。我们制造级联图案的方法可能会激发基于dna的技术组合，并扩展人工反应扩散系统的应用。
Reaction-diffusion systems are one of the models of the formation process with various patterns found in nature. Inspired by natural pattern formation, several methods for designing artificial chemical reaction-diffusion systems have been proposed. DNA is a suitable building block to build such artificial systems owing to its programmability. Previously, we reported a line pattern formed due to the reaction and diffusion of synthetic DNA; however, the width of the line was too wide to be used for further applications such as parallel and multi-stage pattern formations. Here, we propose a novel method to programme a reaction-diffusion system in a hydrogel medium to realise a sharp line capable of forming superimposed and cascaded patterns. The mechanism of this system utilises a two-segment polymerisation of DNA caused by hybridisation. To superimpose the system, we designed orthogonal DNA sequences that formed two lines in different locations on the hydrogel. Additionally, we designed a reaction to release DNA and form a cascade pattern, in which the third line appears between the two lines. To explain the mechanism of our system, we modelled the system as partial differential equations, whose simulation results agreed well with the experimental data. Our method to fabricate cascaded patterns may inspire combinations of DNA-based technologies and expand the applications of artificial reaction-diffusion systems.