INTRINSIC RATE OF NATURAL INCREASE - RELATIONSHIP WITH BODY SIZE
INTRINSIC RATE OF NATURAL INCREASE - RELATIONSHIP WITH BODY SIZE
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00384576
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发表时间：
1974-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
FENCHEL, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FENCHEL, T
研究了先前发表的“内在自然增长率”（rm）与体重的关系。当比较各种体重的生物体时，可以发现一种相关性，可以用公式rm = aW n来描述，其中rm是每天自然增长的内在速率，W是以克为单位的平均体重; aW是一个常数，对于单细胞生物体、异温动物和恒温动物分别取三个不同的值。对于所有三组，常数n的值约为-0.275。将该结果与先前发现的每单位重量的代谢率与体型之间的关系进行比较。结果表明，rm可以解释为指数增长种群的生产力，因此必须与代谢率相关。然而，常数saandn的值表明，对于单细胞生物、异温动物和恒温动物这三类中的每一类，用于维持的能量与用于生产的能量的比率随着身体大小的增加而增加，并且在这两种情况下，从原生动物到后生动物的进化以及从异温动物到恒温动物的进化不仅导致代谢率的增加，如前所述，而且人口增长效率降低。结果表明，恒温动物相对于异温动物的繁殖潜力的增加是由于前组中的繁殖前期较短，先前估计的RM为不同的物种和这些值之间的比较，它们的生态进行了讨论的背景下，发现“RM体重”的关系。试图表明，这样的比较将更有意义的身体大小时，包括在考虑作出。有人建议，发现的关系可能代表的最大valuesrmcan采取，而不是平均值为所有物种，因为它是可能的，用于实验室种群研究的物种是偏向于具有高繁殖潜力的物种。
The relationship between previously published values of “the intrinsic rate of natural increase” (rm) and body weight is studied. When organisms covering a wide range of body weights are compared, a correlation is found which can be described by the equationrm=aWnwherermis the intrinsic rate of natural increase per day andWis the average body weight in grams;ais a constant which takes three different values for unicellular organisms and heterotherm and homoiotherm animals respectively. The constantnhas a value of about-0.275 for all three groups. This result is compared to the previously found relationship between the metabolic rate per unit weight and body size. It is shown thatrmcan be inter-preted as the productivity of an exponentially growing population and thus must correlate with metabolic rate. The values of the constantsaandn, however, show that for each of the three groups, unicellular organisms, heterotherms and homoiotherms the ratio of energy used for maintenance to that used for production increases with increasing body size and that the evolution from protozoa to metazoa and the evolution from heterotherm to homoiotherm animals in both cases resulted in not only an increased metabolic rate, as shown previously, but also in a decreased population growth efficiency. It is shown that the increase in reproductive potential of homoiotherms relative to that of heterotherms is due to a shorter prereproductive period in the former group.Previous estimates ofrmfor different species and comparisons between these values in relation to their ecology are discussed in context with the found “rm-body weight” relationship. Attempts to show that such comparisons will be more meaningful when body size is included in the considerations are made. It is suggested that the found relationship may represent the maximum valuesrmcan take rather than average values for all species, since it is likely that the species used for laboratory population-studies are biased in favor of species with high reproductive potentials.