Response of rice cultivation to fluctuating sea level during the Mid-Holocene
Response of rice cultivation to fluctuating sea level during the Mid-Holocene
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DOI：
10.1007/s11434-011-4786-3
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发表时间：
2012-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yun-fei Zheng;Guo-Ping Sun;Xuegao Chen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yun-fei Zheng;Guo-Ping Sun;Xuegao Chen
对天罗山古稻田的硅藻、种子和植物岩的考古分析表明，中国东部地区在全新世的最高海平面出现在7.0 ka BP之前。进入全新世中期，海水退潮，沿海地区出现了广阔的湿地平原，新石器时代河姆渡文化的农民在此种植水稻。然而，中全新世仍有几次海平面波动，其中最大的一次是6.4 ~ 6.3 ka BP和4.6 ~ 2.1 ka BP。此外，在6.3 ~ 4.6 ka BP以湿地草类植被为主的时期，较小的波动明显地将海岸线推回到陆地上。尽管与这些海岸线海侵相关的海平面上升没有海平面最高时期的强度，但仍然会对该地区人们的生活和生产活动产生深远的影响。来自天罗山古稻田的考古证据表明，较大的海平面上升事件将海水推到陆地上，淹没了大面积的稻田，而较小的海平面上升事件则导致海水沿河流入侵，导致土壤盐分增加，水稻产量下降。海平面上升对水稻种植的影响导致了当地饮食的变化。在水稻产量下降的地区，采集和狩猎的流行程度上升。全新世早期的高海平面表明，东部沿海平原的水稻种植很可能起源于附近的小山地盆地。
Archaeological analysis of a section of ancient rice fields at Tianluoshan for diatoms, seeds and phytoliths has shown that the highest local sea level in eastern China during the Holocene appeared before 7.0 ka BP. Entering the Mid-Holocene, as seawater regressed, a vast wetland plain appeared in the coastal area, where farmers of the Neolithic Hemudu culture cultivated rice. However, there were still several sea-level fluctuations in the Mid-Holocene, of which the biggest were from 6.4 to 6.3 ka BP and from 4.6 to 2.1 ka BP. In addition, in the period dominated by wetland grass vegetation, 6.3 to 4.6 ka BP, smaller fluctuations apparently pushed the coastline back on to the land. Even though the sea-level rises associated with these shoreline transgressions did not have the intensity of the highest sea level period, there still would have been profound impacts on the lives and production activities of people living in the region. Archaeological evidence from ancient rice fields at Tianluoshan shows that larger sea-level rise events pushed seawater onto the land and inundated large areas of rice fields, whereas weaker sea-level rise events resulted in the intrusion of seawater along rivers, causing an increase in soil salinity and a decrease in rice yields. The impact of sea-level rise on rice cultivation caused changes in local diet. In regions where rice production fell, the prevalence of gathering and hunting rose. High sea levels in the early Holocene imply that the origin of rice cultivation in the eastern coastal plain is likely to have been in small nearby mountain basins.