Statistical laws governing fluctuations in word use from word birth to word death.

Statistical laws governing fluctuations in word use from word birth to word death.
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DOI:
10.1038/srep00313
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Stanley, H. Eugene
Stanley, H. Eugene
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Petersen, Alexander M.;Tenenbaum, Joel;Havlin, Shlomo;Stanley, H. Eugene

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本文分析了1800-2008年期间英语、西班牙语和希伯来语中记录的107个单词的动态特性,以深入了解语言和文化的共同进化。我们报告语言独立模式作为语言进化理论模型的基准有用。词汇诞生(死亡)率的显著下降(上升)趋势表明,支配词汇使用的选择法则最近发生了变化。对于新单词,我们观察到在引入后40年左右出现增长率波动的峰值,这与标准词典和人类世代的典型输入时间一致。在战争期间,语言动态的显著变化表明,单词相关性,发生在不同的时间和单词之间,在很大程度上受到共同进化的社会、技术和政治因素的影响。我们通过使用非趋势波动分析来分析单个单词使用的长期相关性,从而量化文化记忆。
We analyze the dynamic properties of 107 words recorded in English, Spanish and Hebrew over the period 1800–2008 in order to gain insight into the coevolution of language and culture. We report language independent patterns useful as benchmarks for theoretical models of language evolution. A significantly decreasing (increasing) trend in the birth (death) rate of words indicates a recent shift in the selection laws governing word use. For new words, we observe a peak in the growth-rate fluctuations around 40 years after introduction, consistent with the typical entry time into standard dictionaries and the human generational timescale. Pronounced changes in the dynamics of language during periods of war shows that word correlations, occurring across time and between words, are largely influenced by coevolutionary social, technological, and political factors. We quantify cultural memory by analyzing the long-term correlations in the use of individual words using detrended fluctuation analysis.
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