A review of catalytic approaches to waste minimization: case study—liquid‐phase catalytic treatment of chlorophenols
A review of catalytic approaches to waste minimization: case study—liquid‐phase catalytic treatment of chlorophenols
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DOI：
10.1002/jctb.1325
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发表时间：
2005-11
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
M. Keane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Keane
有效的废物管理必须解决废物减少、再利用、回收/循环利用以及作为最不进步的选择的废物处理问题。催化可以作为一种完整的绿色加工工具，确保较低的操作压力/温度，减少能源需求，同时提供替代的更清洁的合成路线并促进废物转化为可重复使用的材料。选择案例研究来说明催化在废物最小化中发挥的作用，涉及废水中有毒氯酚的转化。越来越多的证据表明氯有机排放的存在会对生态和公共健康造成不利影响，这一问题日益引起人们的关注。通过对催化脱氯现有文献的分析，对现有处理技术进行了批判性概述。考虑到该三相（固体催化剂和液/气反应物）系统中的物理和化学贡献，证明了 Pd/Al2O3 促进氢介导的一氯酚和二氯酚脱氯的功效。从氯代异构体结构方面讨论了加氢脱氯活性和选择性趋势，讨论了温度的影响，检查了碱（NaOH）添加的作用，并讨论了催化剂重复使用的可行性。版权所有© 2005 中国化工学会
Effective waste management must address waste reduction, reuse, recovery/recycle and, as the least progressive option, waste treatment. Catalysis can serve as an integral green processing tool, ensuring lower operating pressures/temperatures with a reduction in energy requirements while providing alternative cleaner synthesis routes and facilitating waste conversion to reusable material. The case study chosen to illustrate the role that catalysis has to play in waste minimization deals with the conversion of toxic chlorophenols in wastewater. The presence of chloro-organic emissions is of increasing concern with mounting evidence of adverse ecological and public health impacts. A critical overview of the existing treatment technologies is provided with an analysis of the available literature on catalytic dechlorination. The efficacy of Pd/Al2O3 to promote the hydrogen-mediated dechlorination of mono- and dichlorophenols is demonstrated, taking account of both the physical and chemical contributions in this three-phase (solid catalyst and liquid/gaseous reactants) system. Hydrodechlorination activity and selectivity trends are discussed in terms of chloro-isomer structure, the influence of temperature is discussed, the role of base (NaOH) addition is examined and the feasibility of catalyst reuse is addressed. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry