A behavioral economic measure of demand for alcohol predicts brief intervention outcomes
A behavioral economic measure of demand for alcohol predicts brief intervention outcomes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.01.002
复制
发表时间：
2007-07-10
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Murphy, James G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MacKillop, James;Murphy, James G.
相当多的基础和临床研究支持酒精和药物依赖的行为经济学概念。评估一种药物动机的一种行为经济学方法是使用需求曲线，或在一定价格范围内对药物消费和药物强化反应的定量表示。本研究使用一个假设的酒精购买任务来生成需求曲线，并检验由此产生的需求曲线参数是否预测了短暂干预后的饮酒结果。参与者为51名大学生饮酒者（67%为女性，94%为白人，每周饮酒量：M = 24.57, sd = 8.77），他们完成了短暂的酒精干预。与预测一致，即使在控制了基线饮酒和其他相关协变量之后，许多需求曲线指数也能显著预测干预后的酒精使用和重度饮酒发作的频率。最显著的是，在干预后6个月的随访中，O-max（即最大酒精消耗）和断点（即消费对价格上涨的敏感性）预测饮酒增加。这些结果表明，酒精需求的行为经济学测量可能在表征酒精消费的可塑性方面具有效用。此外，这些结果支持将强化的实验分析转化为临床研究的效用。2007爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司版权所有。
Considerable basic and clinical research supports a behavioral economic conceptualization of alcohol and drug dependence. One behavioral economic approach to assess motivation for a drug is the use of demand curves, or quantitative representations of drug consumption and drug-reinforced responding across a range of prices. This study used a hypothetical alcohol purchase task to generate demand curves, and examined whether the resulting demand curve parameters predicted drinking outcomes following a brief intervention. Participants were 51 college student drinkers (67% female; 94% Caucasian; drinks/week: M = 24.57, S.D. = 8.77) who completed a brief alcohol intervention. Consistent with predictions, a number of demand curve indices significantly predicted post-intervention alcohol use and frequency of heavy drinking episodes, even after controlling for baseline drinking and other pertinent covariates. Most prominently, O-max, (i.e., maximum alcohol expenditure) and breakpoint (i.e., sensitivity of consumption to increasing price) predicted greater drinking at 6-month post-intervention follow-up. These results indicate that a behavioral economic measure of alcohol demand may have utility in characterizing the malleability of alcohol consumption. Moreover, these results support the utility of translating experimental assays of reinforcement into clinical research. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.