POINT: Pipeline for Offline Conversion and Integration of Geocodes and Neighborhood Data.
POINT: Pipeline for Offline Conversion and Integration of Geocodes and Neighborhood Data.
复制标题
POINT：地理编码和邻里数据的离线转换和集成的管道。
DOI：
10.1055/a-2148-6414
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Steitz,BryanD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo,Kevin;McCoy,AllisonB;Reese,ThomasJ;Wright,Adam;Rosenbloom,SamuelTrent;Liu,Siru;Russo,EliseM;Steitz,BryanD
地理编码是将地址转换为精确地理坐标的过程，它使研究人员和卫生系统能够获得对健康社会决定因素的社区水平估计。这些信息为根据患者生活环境对其进行个性化护理和干预提供了机会。我们开发了一个集成的离线地理编码管道，以简化获取基于地址的变量的过程，该过程可以集成到现有的数据处理管道中。MethodsPOINT是一个基于web的、容器化的、用于地理编码地址的应用程序，可以离线部署，并使组织中的多个用户可用。我们的应用程序支持通过图形用户界面和应用程序编程界面按人口普查区查询地理变量，而不会暴露敏感的患者数据。我们使用两个数据集来评估应用程序的性能：一个数据集由100万个从开放地址中抽样的全国代表性地址组成，另一个数据集由3096个先前地理编码的患者地址组成。结果在开放地址和患者地址数据集中，分别有99.4%和99.8%的地址被成功地地理编码。在两个数据集中，超过90%的人口普查区分配与参考地址一致。在成功的地理编码中，两个数据集与参考坐标的距离中位数（四分位间距）分别为52.5（26.5-119.4）和14.5 (10.9-24.6)m。结论点成功地对更多的地址进行地理编码，并获得与现有解决方案类似的准确性，包括美国人口普查局的官方地理编码。地址被视为受保护的健康信息，不能与常见的在线地理编码服务共享。POINT是一种离线解决方案，可扩展到多个用户，并通过管道将下游映射集成到邻近级变量，允许用户在可用时合并其他数据集。随着卫生系统和研究人员不断探索和改善卫生公平，以符合《健康保险流通与责任法案》（HIPAA）的方式快速准确地获取邻里变量至关重要。
ObjectivesGeocoding, the process of converting addresses into precise geographic coordinates, allows researchers and health systems to obtain neighborhood-level estimates of social determinants of health. This information supports opportunities to personalize care and interventions for individual patients based on the environments where they live. We developed an integrated offline geocoding pipeline to streamline the process of obtaining address-based variables, which can be integrated into existing data processing pipelines.MethodsPOINT is a web-based, containerized, application for geocoding addresses that can be deployed offline and made available to multiple users across an organization. Our application supports use through both a graphical user interface and application programming interface to query geographic variables, by census tract, without exposing sensitive patient data. We evaluated our application's performance using two datasets: one consisting of 1 million nationally representative addresses sampled from Open Addresses, and the other consisting of 3,096 previously geocoded patient addresses.ResultsA total of 99.4 and 99.8% of addresses in the Open Addresses and patient addresses datasets, respectively, were geocoded successfully. Census tract assignment was concordant with reference in greater than 90% of addresses for both datasets. Among successful geocodes, median (interquartile range) distances from reference coordinates were 52.5 (26.5–119.4) and 14.5 (10.9–24.6) m for the two datasets.ConclusionPOINT successfully geocodes more addresses and yields similar accuracy to existing solutions, including the U.S. Census Bureau's official geocoder. Addresses are considered protected health information and cannot be shared with common online geocoding services. POINT is an offline solution that enables scalability to multiple users and integrates downstream mapping to neighborhood-level variables with a pipeline that allows users to incorporate additional datasets as they become available. As health systems and researchers continue to explore and improve health equity, it is essential to quickly and accurately obtain neighborhood variables in a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)-compliant way.