The role and importance of brown adipose tissue in energy homeostasis.
The role and importance of brown adipose tissue in energy homeostasis.
复制标题
棕色脂肪组织在能量稳态中的作用和重要性。
DOI：
10.1097/mop.0b013e32833a8d6e
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发表时间：
2010-08
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Kahn CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cypess AM;Kahn CR
儿童和成人有两种主要类型的脂肪细胞，它们代表白色脂肪组织（WAT）和棕色脂肪组织（BAT）中的主要细胞，其中白色脂肪组织参与能量储存，而棕色脂肪组织（BAT）负责生热和能量消耗。这篇综述讨论了 BAT 生理学并评估了有关其发展、识别和功能的最新发现。去年，多个独立研究小组使用正电子发射断层扫描和计算机断层扫描 (PET/CT) 联合成像、免疫组织化学以及基因和蛋白质表达，最终证明成年人具有功能性 BAT。与此同时，基础研究定义了 BAT 的起源、其转录调控以及激素在 BAT 生长和激活中的作用。这些方法已开始应用于儿童，以了解儿科 BAT 解剖学和生理学。成年人具有功能性 BAT，在能量平衡中发挥着作用。 BAT 在儿童中更为普遍，这表明其生理作用比成人更大。未来的研究将确定量化 BAT 质量和活性的安全方法，以及可采用哪些干预措施来增加 BAT 质量和/或生热作用以治疗肥胖。
Children and adults have two major types of adipocytes, which represent the predominant cells in white adipose tissue (WAT), which is involved in energy-storage, and brown adipose tissue (BAT) which is responsible for thermogenesis and energy expenditure. This review discusses BAT physiology and evaluates the recent discoveries regarding its development, identification, and function. This past year multiple independent research teams using combined positron-emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging, immunohistochemistry, and gene and protein expression have proven conclusively that adult humans have functional BAT. In parallel, basic studies defined BAT origins, its transcriptional regulation, and the role of hormones in BAT growth and activation. These methods have begun to be applied to children to understand pediatric BAT anatomy and physiology. Adult humans have functional BAT, which plays a role in energy balance. BAT is more prevalent in children, suggesting an even greater physiological role than that seen in adults. Future studies will identify safe ways to quantify BAT mass and activity and which interventions might be used to increase BAT mass and/or thermogenesis to treat obesity.