DIETARY SELF-SELECTION AND MEAL PATTERNS OF OBESE AND LEAN ZUCKER RATS
DIETARY SELF-SELECTION AND MEAL PATTERNS OF OBESE AND LEAN ZUCKER RATS
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DOI：
10.1016/s0195-6663(83)80021-x
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发表时间：
1983-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
GRINKER, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ENNS, MP;GRINKER, JA
在对实验室食物进行两周的基线测量后，年轻的肥胖和瘦雄性Zucker大鼠获得单独的大量营养素18周。首先，给大鼠喂食豆粕、糊精淀粉和猪油8周。肥胖大鼠在实验室食物中的每日热量摄入量高于瘦大鼠，并且在切换到自我选择饮食后仍然如此。虽然肥胖和瘦大鼠在八周内消耗了类似比例的每种常量营养素，但几周内的摄入模式发生了实质性变化。肥胖大鼠主要通过减少猪油消耗来降低每日热量摄入。相比之下，瘦老鼠保持每日热量摄入，同时增加脂肪热量的比例。添加25%蔗糖溶液（第11-18周）使肥胖和瘦大鼠的每日热量摄入量升高，这是通过增加碳水化合物摄入量同时减少脂肪摄入量实现的。每日的摄入模式保持每种常量营养素。与对照组相比，自我选择饮食的大鼠没有表现出差异性生长。在实验的最后四天，对豆粕、蔗糖和猪油的每日膳食模式进行测量，结果表明，肥胖大鼠比瘦大鼠吃的由所有三种食物成分组成的膳食明显更多。对于肥胖和瘦大鼠，单组分膳食主要是蔗糖，在光照期间摄入量更大。瘦老鼠比胖老鼠更倾向于在两餐之间吃这些“零食”。这些数据表明，适口性和营养源以及暴露时间是营养选择和每日总热量摄入的关键决定因素。
Following two weeks of baseline measures on laboratory chow, young obese and lean male Zucker rats were given access to separate macronutrients for 18 weeks. First, the rats were given access to soybean meal, dextrinized starch, and lard for eight weeks. Daily caloric intake of obese rats was greater on laboratory chow than that of lean rats and remained so following the switch to the self-selection diet. While obese and lean rats consumed similar proportions of each macronutrient over the eight-week period, there were substantial changes in the pattern of intake across weeks. Obese rats decreased daily caloric intake primarily by decreasing lard consumption. In contrast, lean rats maintained daily caloric intake while increasing the proportion of calories from fat. The addition of a 25% sucrose solution (weeks 11–18) produced an elevated daily caloric intake for both obese and lean rats, achieved through an increased carbohydrate intake with a simultaneous decrease in fat intake. A diurnal pattern of intake was maintained for each macronutrient. Compared to controls, rats on the self-selection diet did not show differential growth. Measurement of daily meal patterns for soybean meal, sucrose, and lard during the last four days of the experiment showed that obese rats ate significantly larger meals comprised of all three food components than did lean rats. For both obese and lean rats, one-component meals were primarily sucrose with greater intake during the light period. Lean rats showed a greater tendency to indulge in these between-meal “snacks” than did obese rats. These data suggest that palatability and nutrient source as well as length of exposure are critical determiners of nutrient selection and total daily caloric intake.