Effects of obesity on lower extremity muscle function during walking at two speeds.
Effects of obesity on lower extremity muscle function during walking at two speeds.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.12.020
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发表时间：
2014-03
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Browning, Raymond C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lerner, Zachary F.;Board, Wayne J.;Browning, Raymond C.
对于肥胖的成年人来说，步行是一种推荐的体育活动形式，但肥胖和步行速度对步行生物力学的影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是检查肥胖和非肥胖成年人在两种速度（1.25 m•s−1和1.50 m•s−1）下的关节运动学、肌肉力需求和个体肌肉对行走地面反力（GRFs）的贡献。使用三维肌肉骨骼模型对9名肥胖患者(35.0 (3.78 kg·m−2)；体重指数平均值（SD）)和10名非肥胖者（22.1 (1.02 kg·m - 2)）。在两种速度下，在单肢支持下，肥胖个体在早期站立时膝关节伸直，速度更快，骨盆倾角更大。肥胖成年人的绝对力量需求通常大于非肥胖成年人，主要例外是VAS，两组之间相似。在两种速度下，肥胖组GMED的瘦质量（LM）标准化力输出更大。肥胖个体似乎采取了一种步态模式，减少了VAS力输出，特别是在速度超过他们首选的行走速度时。肥胖个体更大的相对GMED力需求可能导致运动学改变和肌肉骨骼损伤/病理风险增加。我们的研究结果表明，肥胖个体可能存在VAS和髋关节外展肌的相对无力，特别是GMED，这可能会增加他们行走时肌肉骨骼损伤/病理的风险，因此可能受益于有针对性的肌肉强化。
Walking is a recommended form of physical activity for obese adults, yet the effects of obesity and walking speed on the biomechanics of walking are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine joint kinematics, muscle force requirements and individual muscle contributions to the walking ground reaction forces (GRFs) at two speeds (1.25 m•s−1 and 1.50 m•s−1) in obese and nonobese adults. Vasti (VAS), gluteus medius (GMED), gastrocnemius (GAST), and soleus (SOL) forces and their contributions to the GRFs were estimated using three-dimensional musculoskeletal models scaled to the anthropometrics of nine obese (35.0 (3.78 kg·m−2); body mass index mean (SD)) and 10 nonobese (22.1 (1.02 kg·m−2)) subjects. The obese individuals walked with a straighter knee in early stance at the faster speed and greater pelvic obliquity during single limb support at both speeds. Absolute force requirements were generally greater in obese vs. nonobese adults, the main exception being VAS, which was similar between groups. At both speeds, lean mass (LM) normalized force output for GMED was greater in the obese group. Obese individuals appear to adopt a gait pattern that reduces VAS force output, especially at speeds greater than their preferred walking velocity. Greater relative GMED force requirements in obese individuals may contribute to altered kinematics and increased risk of musculoskeletal injury/pathology. Our results suggest that obese individuals may have relative weakness of the VAS and hip abductor muscles, specifically GMED, which may act to increase their risk of musculoskeletal injury/pathology during walking, and therefore may benefit from targeted muscle strengthening.
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e318076b54b
发表时间：
2007-09-01
期刊：
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Browning, Raymond C.;Kram, Rodger
通讯作者：
Kram, Rodger
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Neptune, Richard R.;Sasaki, Kotaro;Kautz, Steven A.
通讯作者：
Kautz, Steven A.
DOI：
10.1089/15246090260137626
发表时间：
2002-06-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH & GENDER-BASED MEDICINE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Smith, LK;Lelas, JL;Kerrigan, DC
通讯作者：
Kerrigan, DC
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Rao, Guillaume;Amarantini, David;Favier, Daniel
通讯作者：
Favier, Daniel
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Browning, RC;Baker, EA;Kram, R
通讯作者：
Kram, R