Psychotropic drug use in nursing homes – diagnostic indications and variations between institutions
Psychotropic drug use in nursing homes – diagnostic indications and variations between institutions
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疗养院中精神药物的使用——诊断指征和机构之间的差异
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Harald A. Nygaard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sabine Ruths;J. Straand;Harald A. Nygaard
Abstract.Objective:精神药物的使用方面的诊断指征和病人和机构的特点进行了分析。方法：对挪威卑尔根23家养老院的1552名居民的用药数据进行横断面研究。分析精神药物（抗精神病药、抗焦虑药、催眠药、抗抑郁药和两种镇静抗组胺药）的使用情况，包括患病率、诊断指征、使用持续时间以及一般患者和机构特征。结果：59%的居民每天服用精神药物，最常见的是长期治疗。抗抑郁药（70%选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂）的使用率为31%，抗精神病药为23%，苯二氮卓类药物为22%。在66%的病例中，抗精神病药物用于治疗非精神病性行为和心理症状。睡眠障碍最常使用长效苯二氮卓类催眠药治疗。精神药物的使用随着患者年龄的增加而减少。不同疗养院之间的药物使用模式差异很大：精神抑制剂使用的患病率从0到61%不等，抗抑郁药的使用从10%到63%不等。在提供相对更多的医生工作时间的养老院，居民更有可能使用抗抑郁药。结论：大部分疗养院住院者使用精神药物作为长期的对症治疗。制度之间的巨大差异只能在很小程度上用制度之间的数量差异来解释。
Abstract.Objective: Psychotropic drug use among nursing home residents with regard to diagnostic indications and patient- and institution characteristics was analysed. Methods: A cross-sectional study of medication data from 1552 residents at 23 nursing homes in Bergen, Norway, was performed. Psychotropic drug use (neuroleptics, anxiolytics, hypnotics, antidepressants, and two sedative antihistamines) was analysed with regard to prevalence, diagnostic indications, duration of use, and general patient- and institution characteristics. Results: Psychotropic drugs were taken on a daily schedule by 59% of all residents, most commonly as long-term treatment. Antidepressants (in 70% selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors) were used by 31%, neuroleptics by 23%, and benzodiazepines by 22% of all the residents. Neuroleptics were given for non-psychotic behavioural and psychological symptoms in 66% of the cases. Sleeping disorders were most commonly treated with long-acting benzodiazepine hypnotics. Psychotropic drug use decreased with increasing patient age. Drug use patterns varied greatly between the different nursing homes: the prevalence of neuroleptic use varied from 0 to 61% of the residents, and antidepressant use varied from 10 to 63%. In nursing homes providing relatively more physician staff time, the residents were more likely to use antidepressants. Conclusions: Psychotropic drugs are used by a majority of nursing home residents as long-term symptomatic treatment. The great variations between the institutions can only to a small extent be explained by quantitative differences between the institutions.