The effects of social integration and hometown identity on the life satisfaction of Chinese rural migrants: the mediating and moderating effects of a sense of belonging in the host city
The effects of social integration and hometown identity on the life satisfaction of Chinese rural migrants: the mediating and moderating effects of a sense of belonging in the host city
复制标题
社会融入和家乡认同对中国农民工生活满意度的影响：流入地城市归属感的中介和调节作用
DOI：
10.1186/s12955-020-01415-y
复制
发表时间：
2020-06-06
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Gao, Yinbao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Hongsheng;Zhu, Zhenjun;Gao, Yinbao
背景由于大量移民从农村流向城市地区，许多发展中国家正在迅速城市化。然而，移民的社会文化转型可能具有挑战性，他们的社会融合程度和家乡认同感可能会妨碍重新安置和生活质量。虽然对东道城市的归属感和对家乡的依恋感可能对移民在新地方的同化、适应和成功的能力很重要，但这些因素在中国尚未得到充分研究。方法数据来源于2014年中国流动人口动态调查，是一项针对中国流动人口的大规模问卷调查。这项研究的样本包括中国八个城市的15，990人。采用生活满意度量表测量生活满意度，采用多项目结构测量关键自变量（社会融合感、家乡认同感和所在城市归属感）。四个主要变量的Cronbach α系数为0.76至0.90。本研究以多变量线性回归分析为路径模型，探讨了城市归属感对生活满意度（社会融合生活满意度和家乡认同生活满意度）的中介和调节作用。结果社会融合与生活满意度（B = 0.267）和对所在城市的归属感（B = 0.912）呈正相关。家乡认同感越弱，对所在城市的生活满意度越高，归属感越强（分别为B = 0.087和B = 0.176）。城市归属感在社会融合与生活满意度之间（B = 0.267降至B = 0.085）和家乡认同与生活满意度之间（B = 0.087降至B = 0.048）起显著中介作用。最后，在东道城市的归属感显着调节社会融合和生活满意度之间的关系。结论地方归属感是影响流动人口对家乡和所在城市生活满意度的重要因素。提高农民工作为新生活环境一部分的意识对中国城市的可持续发展至关重要。
Background Many developing countries are rapidly urbanising because of large migration flows from rural to urban areas. However, migrants' socio-cultural transitions might be challenging, and their extent of social integration and sense of hometown identity might impede resettlement and quality of life. Although a sense of belonging in the host city and a sense of attachment to the hometown might be important to migrants' ability to assimilate, adapt and succeed in a new place, these factors have not adequately been studied in China. Methods The data were derived from the 2014 China Migrants Dynamic Survey, a large-scale questionnaire survey of Chinese migrants. This study's sample comprised 15,990 individuals in eight Chinese cities. Life satisfaction was measured with the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the key independent variables (social integration, sense of hometown identity and sense of belonging in the host city) were measured using multi-item constructs. Cronbach's alpha coefficients on the four main variables were 0.76 to 0.90. A multivariable linear regression analysis was applied to a path model that assessed the mediating and moderating effects of sense of belonging in the host city on direct relationships with life satisfaction (social integration life satisfaction and hometown identity life satisfaction). Results Social integration positively related to life satisfaction (B = 0.267) and sense of belonging in the host city (B = 0.912). A weak hometown identity related to higher life satisfaction and stronger sense of belonging in the host city (B = 0.087 and B = 0.176, respectively). Sense of belonging in the host city significantly mediated the relationships between social integration and life satisfaction (B = 0.267 decreased to B = 0.085) and between hometown identity and life satisfaction (B = 0.087 decreased to B = 0.048). Last, sense of belonging in the host city significantly moderated the relationship between social integration and life satisfaction. Conclusion A sense of belonging to a place is important to migrants' life satisfaction regarding the hometown and the host city. Promoting migrants' sense that they are part of the new living environment is important to China's sustainable urban development.