Some observations from behavioral economics for consideration in promoting money management among those with substance use disorders.
Some observations from behavioral economics for consideration in promoting money management among those with substance use disorders.
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DOI：
10.3109/00952990.2011.643979
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发表时间：
2012-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Higgins ST
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chivers LL;Higgins ST
行为经济学研究揭示了决策中的系统性偏差，在提高药物滥用障碍 (SUD) 患者的资金管理技能的努力中值得考虑。本文的目的是简要回顾有关可能与资金管理主题特别相关的五种偏见的文献（即双曲线延迟贴现、违约和对现状的偏好、损失厌恶、心理账户以及未能考虑机会成本）。我们对选定的研究进行了回顾，以说明这些偏见以及它们如何与提高药物滥用障碍患者的资金管理技能的努力相关。研究是通过使用术语“行为经济学”和“物质使用障碍”搜索 PubMed、查阅已发表文章的参考书目以及与同事讨论来确定的。在 SUD 患者中，仅对其中一种偏差（即双曲线延迟贴现）进行了广泛研究。事实上，它被发现在患有 SUD 的人群中非常普遍，被视为这些疾病的潜在风险因素，并且在提高该人群的资金管理技能的努力中当然值得仔细考虑。关于 SUD 中的其他偏差的实证研究相对较少，尽管它们似乎对人类行为足够重要，并且与资金管理主题（例如，损失厌恶）相关，也值得考虑。在 SUD 治疗开发中，有有效利用行为经济学原理的先例（例如应急管理），包括至少一种明确关注资金管理的干预措施（即顾问-柜员资金管理疗法）。考虑到行为经济学研究中揭示的人类决策中的系统性偏差，有可能加强制定有效策略的努力，以提高 SUD 人群的资金管理技能。
Behavioral economics research has revealed systematic biases in decision making that merit consideration in efforts to promote money management skills among those with substance use disorders (SUDs). The objective of this article was to briefly review the literature on five of those biases (i.e., hyperbolic delay discounting, defaults and preference for the status quo, loss aversion, mental accounting, and failure to account for opportunity cost) that may have particular relevance to the topic of money management. Selected studies are reviewed to illustrate these biases and how they may relate to efforts to promote money management skills among those with substance use disorders. Studies were identified by searching PubMed using the terms “behavioral economics” and “substance use disorders”, reviewing bibliographies of published articles, and discussions with colleagues. Only one of these biases (i.e., hyperbolic delay discounting) has been investigated extensively among those with SUDs. Indeed, it has been found to be sufficiently prevalent among those with SUDs to be considered as a potential risk factor for those disorders and certainly merits careful consideration in efforts to improve money management skills in that population. There has been relatively little empirical research reported regarding the other biases among those with SUDs, although they appear to be sufficiently fundamental to human behavior and relevant to the topic of money management (e.g., loss aversion) to also merit consideration. There is precedent of effective leveraging of behavioral economics principles in treatment development for SUDs (e.g., contingency management), including at least one intervention that explicitly focuses on money management (i.e., advisor–teller money management therapy). The consideration of the systematic biases in human decision making that have been revealed in behavioral economics research has the potential to enhance efforts to devise effective strategies for improving money management skills among those with SUDs.