Assessing body image in anorexia nervosa using biometric self-avatars in virtual reality: Attitudinal components rather than visual body size estimation are distorted.
Assessing body image in anorexia nervosa using biometric self-avatars in virtual reality: Attitudinal components rather than visual body size estimation are distorted.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291717002008
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发表时间：
2018-03
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Giel KE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mölbert SC;Thaler A;Mohler BJ;Streuber S;Romero J;Black MJ;Zipfel S;Karnath HO;Giel KE
体像障碍（BID）是神经性厌食症（AN）的核心症状之一，但其显著特征尚不清楚。本研究的目的是解开感知和态度成分的BID在AN。我们调查了n = 24例AN女性和n = 24例对照。基于三维（3D）身体扫描，我们为每个参与者创建了逼真的虚拟3D身体（化身），这些身体在参与者体重的±20%范围内变化。化身被呈现在虚拟现实镜像场景中。使用不同的心理物理任务，参与者确定并调整他们的实际和理想体重。为了测试在估计体重时的一般感知偏差，第二个实验调查了与另一个身份相匹配的化身的重量和形状的感知。患有AN和对照组的女性低估了自己的体重，有一种趋势，患有AN的女性低估了更多。对照组的平均期望体重正常，而AN女性的平均期望体重对应于极端AN（DSM-5）。相关分析显示，理想的体重，但不准确的体重估计，与进食障碍症状。在第二个实验中，两组都准确地估计，而最有吸引力的身体类似于实验1。我们的研究结果与AN患者由于视觉扭曲而高估体重的普遍假设相矛盾。相反，他们表明，BID可能是由扭曲的态度驱动的理想机构。临床干预措施应旨在帮助AN患者改变其理想的体重。
Body image disturbance (BID) is a core symptom of anorexia nervosa (AN), but as yet distinctive features of BID are unknown. The present study aimed at disentangling perceptual and attitudinal components of BID in AN. We investigated n = 24 women with AN and n = 24 controls. Based on a three-dimensional (3D) body scan, we created realistic virtual 3D bodies (avatars) for each participant that were varied through a range of ±20% of the participants’ weights. Avatars were presented in a virtual reality mirror scenario. Using different psychophysical tasks, participants identified and adjusted their actual and their desired body weight. To test for general perceptual biases in estimating body weight, a second experiment investigated perception of weight and shape matched avatars with another identity. Women with AN and controls underestimated their weight, with a trend that women with AN underestimated more. The average desired body of controls had normal weight while the average desired weight of women with AN corresponded to extreme AN (DSM-5). Correlation analyses revealed that desired body weight, but not accuracy of weight estimation, was associated with eating disorder symptoms. In the second experiment, both groups estimated accurately while the most attractive body was similar to Experiment 1. Our results contradict the widespread assumption that patients with AN overestimate their body weight due to visual distortions. Rather, they illustrate that BID might be driven by distorted attitudes with regard to the desired body. Clinical interventions should aim at helping patients with AN to change their desired weight.