Effect of 35 years inorganic fertilizer and manure amendment on structure of bacterial and archaeal communities in black soil of northeast China
Effect of 35 years inorganic fertilizer and manure amendment on structure of bacterial and archaeal communities in black soil of northeast China
复制标题
35年无机肥及粪肥改良对东北黑土细菌和古菌群落结构的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.04.010
复制
发表时间：
2016-09-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Li, Jun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ding, Jianli;Jiang, Xin;Li, Jun
黑土在中国东北地区很常见，在中国农作物生产中起着重要作用。然而，在过去的三十年中，化肥的不当使用造成了一系列的农业生态问题。本研究旨在评价长期施肥对黑土微生物群落的影响。对土壤进行4种施肥处理:不施肥(CK);肥料(M);氮、磷、钾无机肥料；有机肥无机肥料（MNPK）。施用无机肥料降低土壤pH值，施用有机肥提高土壤pH值。对土壤微生物群落规模进行定量PCR分析，并基于Illumina平台对V4 16S rRNA基因区域进行分析，表征土壤微生物丰度，比较群落结构和多样性。无机肥和有机肥的掺入增加了土壤微生物群落规模。无机肥降低了土壤微生物多样性，而有机肥和无机肥混施增加了土壤微生物多样性。所有样品的优势菌门分别为变形菌门（29.39 ~ 33.48%）、酸杆菌门（13.14 ~ 16.25%）和放线菌门（9.32 ~ 10.77%）。不同类别的相对丰度在不同处理间差异显著，尤其是MNPK和NPK处理。有机肥处理土壤中酸性菌群和三角洲变形菌群相对稳定。γ -变形菌、α -变形菌和β -变形菌对所有施肥方式均敏感。相比之下，spartobacterium对施肥的响应是稳定的。主坐标分析表明，微生物群落主要聚集在3个类群中：CK和M聚在一起；利用有机肥对MNPK进行改良，并与NPK分离。Shannon和Simpson指数与土壤pH、速效磷和全磷浓度呈极显著相关。冗余分析表明，微生物群落与土壤硝态氮浓度（P = 0.002）和pH （P = 0.002）呈密切正相关。结果表明，有机肥加无机肥增加了土壤微生物数量和多样性，改变了土壤微生物组成。(c) 2016 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Black soil is common in northeast China and plays an important role in Chinese crop production. However, in the past three decades, inappropriate use of fertilizer has caused a sequence of agroecological issues. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of long-term fertilizer on the microbial communities in black soil. The soil was subjected to four fertilization regimes: without fertilizer (CK); manure (M); nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium inorganic fertilizer (NPK); and inorganic fertilizers with manure (MNPK). The soil pH was decreased by inorganic fertilizers and increased by manure. Quantitative PCR analysis of microbial community size and Illumina platform-based analysis of the V4 16S rRNA gene region were performed to characterize soil microbial abundance and to compare community structure and diversity. Microbial community size was enhanced by the incorporation of inorganic fertilizer and manure. Microbial diversity was decreased by inorganic fertilizer and increased by the incorporation of inorganic fertilizer and manure. The predominate phyla in all samples were Proteobacteria (29.39-33.48%), Acidobacteria (13.14-16.25%) and Actinobacteria (9.32-10.77%). The relative abundance of different classes significantly differed among the different treatments, especially MNPK and NPK. Acidobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria were relatively stable in organic fertilizer treated soil. Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria were sensitive to all the fertilization regimes. Comparatively, Spartobacteria was stable in response to fertilization practices. Principal coordinate analysis indicated that microbial communities were primarily clustered into three groups: CK and M were clustered together; MNPK was improved by manure and separated from NPK. Shannon and Simpson indexes were significantly correlated with soil pH and the concentrations of available phosphorus and total phosphorus. Redundancy analysis indicates that microbial communities were closely positively correlated with soil nitrate nitrogen concentration (P = 0.002) and pH (P = 0.002). These results indicate that inorganic fertilizer plus manure increased microbial size and diversity and changed microbial composition. (c) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.