Modelling Winter Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Growth and Yield under Different Sowing Dates and Densities Using AquaCrop Model
Modelling Winter Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Growth and Yield under Different Sowing Dates and Densities Using AquaCrop Model
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使用 AquaCrop 模型模拟不同播种日期和密度下冬油菜 (Brassica napus L.) 的生长和产量
DOI：
10.3390/agronomy13020367
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发表时间：
2023-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Chao Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ziang Xie;Jiying Kong;Min Tang;Zhenhai Luo;Duo Li;Rui Liu;Shaoyuan Feng;Chao Zhang
播期和密度被认为是影响作物产量的主要因素。但由于气候条件、地形、品种等因素的影响，播期和播种密度的确定充满了不确定性。因此，有必要找到综合考虑这些因素来指导冬油菜生产的方法。可靠的作物模型可能是研究油菜籽生长对播种日期和密度变化的响应的重要工具。目前，与油菜模型模拟相关的研究报道较少，特别是在播期和密度因素对油菜发育和生产影响的综合评价方面。本研究旨在评价AquaCrop模型在不同播期和密度下冬油菜发育和产量模拟的性能，为江淮平原农业高效生产优化播期和密度。在2020年和2021年油菜生长季进行了两年的试验，对模型参数进行了充分标定，并对不同播期和密度处理下的模拟性能进行了评价。结果表明，AquaCrop 模型解释不同播种日期作物发育的能力优于播种密度。对于油菜冠层发育，三种播种日期和密度情景的 RMSE 分别为 7-22% 和 16-23%。不同播期处理（RMSE：0.8~2.1 t·ha−1，Pe：0~35.3%）的模拟生物量和籽粒产量总体优于不同密度处理（RMSE：0.7~3.9 t·ha−1，Pe：8.2~90%）。与其他播种密度相比，低密度处理的生物量和产量高估误差较大。作物蒸散发模拟达到了足够的一致性，R2 为 0.79，RMSE 为 26 mm。结合模拟结果和田间数据，确定华东江淮平原稳产稳产的最佳播种方案为10月份播种，播种密度为25.0~37.5株·m−2。该研究展示了AquaCrop模型在优化油菜播种模式方面的巨大潜力，为当地冬油菜生产制定提供技术手段指导。
The sowing date and density are considered to be the main factors affecting crop yield. The determination of the sowing date and sowing density, however, is fraught with uncertainty due to the influence of climatic conditions, topography, variety and other factors. Therefore, it is necessary to find a comprehensive consideration of these factors to guide the production of winter rapeseed. A reliable crop model could be a crucial tool to investigate the response of rapeseed growth to changes in the sowing date and density. At present, few studies related to rapeseed model simulation have been reported, especially in the comprehensive evaluation of the effects of sowing date and density factors on rapeseed development and production. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the AquaCrop model for winter rapeseed development and yield simulation under various sowing dates and densities, and to optimize the sowing date and density for agricultural high-efficient production in the Jianghuai Plain. Two years of experiments were carried out in the rapeseed growing season in 2020 and 2021. The model parameters were fully calibrated and the simulation performances in different treatments of sowing dates and densities were evaluated. The results indicated that the capability of the AquaCrop model to interpret crop development for different sowing dates was superior to that of sowing densities. For rapeseed canopy development, the RMSE for three sowing dates and densities scenarios were 7–22% and 16–23%, respectively. The simulated biomass and grain yield for different sowing dates treatments (RMSE: 0.8–2.1 t·ha−1, Pe: 0–35.3%) were generally better than those of different densities treatments (RMSE: 0.7–3.9 t·ha−1, Pe: 8.2–90%). Compared with other sowing densities, higher overestimation errors of the biomass and yield were observed for the low-density treatment. Adequate agreement for crop evapotranspiration simulation was achieved, with an R2 of 0.79 and RMSE of 26 mm. Combining the simulation results and field data, the optimal sowing scheme for achieving a steadily high yield in the Jianghuai Plain of east China was determined to be sowing in October and a sowing density of 25.0–37.5 plant·m−2. The study demonstrates the great potential of the AquaCrop model to optimize rapeseed sowing patterns and provides a technical means guidance for the formulation of local winter rapeseed production.