Encephalitic alphaviruses.

Encephalitic alphaviruses.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.08.023
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发表时间:
2010-01-27
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Paessler S
Paessler S
中科院分区:
农林科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zacks MA;Paessler S

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这篇综述将涵盖披膜病毒科中的人畜共患脑炎甲病毒。脑炎甲病毒,即西方-(WEEV)、东方-(EEEV)、委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒(VEEV),以及更罕见的罗斯河病毒、基孔肯雅病毒和高地J病毒(HJV),是神经侵袭性的,并且可以引起从轻度(例如,发热性疾病)至严重(例如,脑炎)在人类和马中。在天然存在的甲病毒中,WEEV、EEEV和VEEV在北美、中美和南美广泛分布。WEEV已经发现从美国中西部(密歇根州和伊利诺斯州)到西海岸,并延伸到加拿大,在21个州报告了人类病例。EEEV沿着墨西哥湾(得克萨斯州到佛罗里达州)和大西洋沿岸(格鲁吉亚州到新罕布什尔州)以及中西部(威斯康星州,伊利诺伊州和密歇根州)和加拿大发现,在19个州报告了人类病例。相比之下,VEEV的传播主要发生在中美洲和南美洲。与它们的地理分布一样,马脑炎病毒的主要蚊媒物种和人畜共患病潜力也各不相同。
This review will cover zoonotic, encephalitic alphaviruses in the family Togaviridae. Encephalitic alphaviruses, i.e. western- (WEEV), eastern- (EEEV), Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) and, more rarely, Ross River virus, Chikungunya virus and Highlands J virus (HJV), are neuroinvasive and may cause neurological symptoms ranging from mild (e.g., febrile illness) to severe (e.g., encephalitis) in humans and equines. Among the naturally occurring alphaviruses, WEEV, EEEV and VEEV have widespread distributions in North, Central and South America. WEEV has found spanning the U.S. from the mid-West (Michigan and Illinois) to the West coast and extending to Canada with human cases reported in 21 states. EEEV is found along the Gulf (Texas to Florida) and Atlantic Coast (Georgia to New Hampshire), as well as in the mid-West (Wisconsin, Illinois and Michigan) and in Canada, with human cases reported in 19 states. In contrast, transmission of VEEV occurs predominantly in Central and South America. As with their geographical distribution, equine encephalitis viruses differ in their main mosquito vector species and their zoonotic potential.
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