Individual behavior drives ecosystem function and the impacts of harvest
Individual behavior drives ecosystem function and the impacts of harvest
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.aax8329
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发表时间：
2020-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Schindler, Daniel E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allgeier, Jacob E.;Cline, Timothy J.;Schindler, Daniel E.
目前的生物多样性养护和管理办法侧重于维持物种的高度多样性，以维持生态系统的功能。我们表明，在一个单一的人口中的个人之间的多样性驱动功能在生态系统的规模。具体而言，个体鱼类的营养供应与种群平均值的差异>80%，考虑到这种个体差异，生态系统营养供应的估计值几乎翻了一番。我们测试如何管理（即，选择性收获制度）可以改变生态系统的功能，并发现针对更活跃的个体的策略减少了生态系统的营养供应高达69%，比身体大小选择性或非选择性收获的影响更大。研究结果表明，在个人规模的运动行为可以对整个生态系统的功能产生至关重要的影响，证明了一个重要的挑战，以物种为中心的生物多样性的定义，如果生态系统功能的保护和管理是一个主要目标。
Current approaches for biodiversity conservation and management focus on sustaining high levels of diversity among species to maintain ecosystem function. We show that the diversity among individuals within a single population drives function at the ecosystem scale. Specifically, nutrient supply from individual fish differs from the population average >80% of the time, and accounting for this individual variation nearly doubles estimates of nutrients supplied to the ecosystem. We test how management (i.e., selective harvest regimes) can alter ecosystem function and find that strategies targeting more active individuals reduce nutrient supply to the ecosystem up to 69%, a greater effect than body size-selective or nonselective harvest. Findings show that movement behavior at the scale of the individual can have crucial repercussions for the functioning of an entire ecosystem, proving an important challenge to the species-centric definition of biodiversity if the conservation and management of ecosystem function is a primary goal.