Dynamical evolution of domain walls in an expanding universe
Dynamical evolution of domain walls in an expanding universe
复制标题
膨胀宇宙中畴壁的动态演化
DOI：
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发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Spergel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. Press;B. Ryden;D. Spergel
当一个标量场的势有两个或多个分离的简并极小值时，随着宇宙冷却，畴壁就形成了。计算了两个潜在的最小值的情况下，在二维和三维，包括壁湮灭，交叉和重连效应的畴壁网络的演变。演化的性质被发现在很大程度上与宇宙膨胀的速率无关。壁的湮灭和重连几乎以因果关系所允许的速度发生，因此视界体积被“扫得干干净净”，在任何时候都只包含大约一个相当光滑的壁。给出了定量统计数据。单位体积的壁总面积随时间的一次幂而减小。相对缓慢的减少和平滑的墙壁上的水平尺度，使它不可能的墙壁既产生大规模的结构，并符合四极微波背景各向异性限制。
Whenever the potential of a scalar field has two or more separated, degenerate minima, domain walls form as the universe cools. The evolution of the resulting network of domain walls is calculated for the case of two potential minima in two and three dimensions, including wall annihilation, crossing, and reconnection effects. The nature of the evolution is found to be largely independent of the rate at which the universe expands. Wall annihilation and reconnection occur almost as fast as causality allows, so that the horizon volume is 'swept clean' and contains, at any time, only about one, fairly smooth, wall. Quantitative statistics are given. The total area of wall per volume decreases as the first power of time. The relative slowness of the decrease and the smoothness of the wall on the horizon scale make it impossible for walls to both generate large-scale structure and be consistent with quadrupole microwave background anisotropy limits.