Normal and abnormal development of motor behavior: Lessons from experiments in rats
Normal and abnormal development of motor behavior: Lessons from experiments in rats
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DOI：
10.1155/np.2001.17
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Gramsbergen, Albert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gramsbergen, Albert
本文综述了人类和大鼠大脑神经和行为发育的几个相关方面，并与早期和晚期中枢和外周神经系统损伤的后果有关。运动最初是由脊髓的局部环路产生的，不涉及下行投射。出生后，无论是在人类还是在大鼠身上，姿势控制的发展似乎是一些运动行为成熟的限制因素。有强烈的迹象表明，小脑明显参与了这种控制。中枢神经系统早期的损伤干扰了神经发育的基本过程，如建立纤维连接和细胞死亡模式。因此，功能效应强烈依赖于发育阶段。另一方面，年轻和未受干扰的中枢神经系统比成人神经系统具有更大的能力来补偿周围神经系统的异常神经支配。动物实验表明，小脑皮质可能在这种代偿中起着重要作用。这种可能性应该进一步研究，因为它可能为人类的治疗提供重要的前景。
In this essay a few relevant aspects of the neural and behavioral development of the brain in the human and in the rat are reviewed and related to the consequences of lesions in the central and peripheral nervous system at early and later age. Movements initially are generated by local circuits in the spinal cord and without the involvement of descending projections. After birth, both in humans and in rats it seems that the development of postural control is the limiting factor for several motor behaviors to mature. Strong indications exist that the cerebellum is significantly involved in this control. Lesions in the CNS at early stages interfere with fundamental processes of neural development, such as the establishment of fiber connections and cell death patterns. Consequently, the functional effects are strongly dependent on the stage of development. The young and undisturbed CNS, on the other hand, has a much greater capacity than the adult nervous system for compensating abnormal reinnervation in the peripheral nervous system. Animal experiments indicated that the cerebellar cortex might play an important part in this compensation. This possibility should be investigated further as it might offer important perspectives for treatment in the human.