Mesoscale evaluation of AMPS using AWARE radar observations of a wind and precipitation event over the Ross Island region of Antarctica

Mesoscale evaluation of AMPS using AWARE radar observations of a wind and precipitation event over the Ross Island region of Antarctica
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使用 AWARE 雷达观测南极洲罗斯岛地区的风和降水事件对 AMPS 进行中尺度评估

DOI:
10.1002/qj.4327
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
8.9
通讯作者:
Cassano, John J.
Cassano, John J.
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kingsmill, David E.;Seefeldt, Mark W.;Cassano, John J.

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地面,高空和雷达观测用于评估南极中尺度预报系统(AMPS)在模拟2016年1月16日至20日南极洲罗斯岛地区风和降水事件的中尺度方面的性能。在大气辐射测量(ARM)西南极辐射实验(AWARE)期间收集的观测结果为评估AMPS提供了独特的数据集,特别是有助于三维描述风和降水的雷达观测。将AMPS预报数据与麦默多站附近及以上地点的地面气象、气球探测和剖面雷达观测数据进行比较,揭示了相似性和差异性的混合。在AMPS模拟和观察到的多普勒径向速度中,在低水平下,通常向南的流动都很明显。AMPS风的大小,方向和时间方面的地面和高空观察到的,但最强的模拟南风向东移动相对于观察。AMPS模拟的罗斯岛地区的反射率在面积范围上更有限,幅度比扫描多普勒雷达观测到的要小。在为期五天的事件中,麦默多站附近观测到三次地面降水,峰值速率为1.33 mm h − 1,总累积量为1.22 mm。然而,由于预报中的低水平干燥偏差,AMPS在五天的事件中没有在该位置产生地面降水。结果显示了罗斯岛地区气象学的第一个基于观测的三维理解。
Surface, upper‐air, and radar observations are used to assess the performance of the Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS) in simulating the mesoscale aspects of a wind and precipitation event over the Ross Island region of Antarctica that spanned January 16–20, 2016. The observations, collected during the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) West Antarctic Radiation Experiment (AWARE), provide a unique dataset for evaluating AMPS, especially the radar observations that facilitate a three‐dimensional depiction of winds and precipitation. Comparisons of AMPS forecast data with surface meteorology, balloon‐sounding, and profiling radar observations at and above sites near McMurdo Station reveal a mixture of similarities and differences. A generally southerly flow is evident at low levels in both the AMPS simulations and observed Doppler radial velocities. AMPS winds are comparable to those observed at the surface and aloft in terms of magnitude, direction, and timing but the strongest simulated southerly flow is displaced eastward relative to the observations. AMPS‐simulated reflectivity over the broader Ross Island region is more limited in areal extent and smaller in magnitude than observed by a scanning Doppler radar. Three episodes of surface precipitation are observed near McMurdo Station over the five‐day event with peak rates of ∼3 mm h−1and a total accumulation of ∼22 mm. However, AMPS produces no surface precipitation at that location over the five‐day event due to a low‐level dry bias in the forecasts. The results show the first observationally based three‐dimensional understanding of meteorology in the Ross Island region.
通过区域气候模型解决南极洲西部沿海的气候和表面质量平衡
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