Synaptic Cytoskeletal Plasticity in the Prefrontal Cortex Following Psychostimulant Exposure.
Synaptic Cytoskeletal Plasticity in the Prefrontal Cortex Following Psychostimulant Exposure.
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DOI：
10.1111/tra.12295
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发表时间：
2015-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gourley SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DePoy LM;Gourley SL
Addiction is characterized by maladaptive decision-making, a loss of control over drug consumption, and habit-like drug seeking despite adverse consequences. These cognitive changes likely reflect the effects of drugs of abuse on prefrontal cortical neurobiology. Here we review evidence that amphetamine and cocaine fundamentally remodel the structure of excitatory neurons in the prefrontal cortex. We summarize evidence in particular that these psychostimulants have opposing effects in the medial and orbital prefrontal cortices (“mPFC” and “oPFC,” respectively). For example, amphetamine and cocaine increase dendrite length and spine density in the mPFC, while dendrites are impoverished and dendritic spines are eliminated in the oPFC. We will discuss evidence that certain cytoskeletal regulatory proteins expressed in the oPFC and implicated in postnatal (adolescent) neural development also regulate behavioral sensitivity to cocaine. These findings potentially open a window of opportunity for the identification of novel pharmacotherapeutic targets in the treatment of drug abuse disorders in adults, as well as in drug-vulnerable adolescent populations. Finally, we will discuss the behavioral implications of drug-related dendritic spine elimination in the oPFC, with regards to reversal learning tasks and tasks that assess the development of reward-seeking habits, both used to model aspects of addiction in rodents.
