Fuel cells for road transportation purposes — yes or no?
Fuel cells for road transportation purposes — yes or no?
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DOI：
10.1016/s0378-7753(01)00882-5
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发表时间：
2001-11
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
B. D. Mcnicol;D. Rand;K. Williams
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. D. Mcnicol;D. Rand;K. Williams
对燃料电池在道路运输中的应用问题进行了评估。讨论了候选燃料电池系统和各种燃料的优缺点，以及燃料应该直接在燃料电池中转化还是应该首先在车辆上转化为氢的问题。综述了内燃机汽车(ICEV)、纯电池汽车(EVS)和内燃机-电池混合动力汽车(HEV)等竞争车型技术的发展。最后，研究了燃料电池汽车(FCV)的引入对工业的影响，特别是对石油和汽车行业的影响。对于FCV来说，要想成功地与传统的ICEV竞争，我们得出的结论是，直接转换燃料电池--可能使用氢气，但可能使用甲醇--是道路交通应用中唯一现实的竞争者。
The issues surrounding the application of fuel cells for road transportation are evaluated. The advantages and disadvantages of the candidate fuel-cell systems and the various fuels are discussed, together with the issue of whether the fuel should be converted directly in the fuel cell or should be first converted to hydrogen on-board the vehicle. Developments in competing vehicles technologies, namely, internal-combustion-engined vehicles (ICEVs), pure-battery vehicles (EVs) and ICE–battery hybrid vehicles (HEVs) are reviewed. Finally, the impact of the introduction of fuel-cell vehicles (FCVs) on industry, and in particular on the oil and automotive industries, is examined. For FCVs to compete successfully with conventional ICEVs, it is concluded that direct-conversion fuel cells — using probably hydrogen, but possibly methanol — are the only realistic contenders for road transportation applications.